Invasive Species and Ecosystem Dynamics

These flashcards cover key concepts related to invasive species, their impact on ecosystems, and management strategies.

What defines an introduced species?

An introduced species is one that has been moved by humans to a region where it did not occur naturally.

What is an invasive species?

An invasive species is an introduced species that causes significant harm to its new environment.

What are specialist species?

Species that have narrow ecological niches and specific requirements for survival.

What is the fundamental niche?

The entire set of conditions under which a species can survive and reproduce.

What is the realized niche?

The set of conditions actually used by a species after interacting with others, often limited by competition and predation.

How do invasive species benefit from unoccupied niches?

They can thrive by filling unoccupied or underutilized niches and may have broad niches.

What is competitive exclusion?

The principle stating that two species cannot coexist if they occupy the exact same niche.

What is an example of an invasive species that has had a significant impact?

The Norway whitefish, or vendace, is an invasive species impacting native whitefish populations.

What are R-selected species?

Species that produce a large number of offspring with little parental care, often thrive in unstable environments.

What characterizes K-selected species?

Species that have a small number of offspring with significant parental care, often larger and live in stable environments.

Why can R-selected species become invasive?

They can rapidly colonize, outcompete native species, and grow to large populations quickly.

What challenges do invasive species present to carrying capacity?

They can lead to exponential growth, overwhelming native species and depleting resources needed for native populations.

What are ecosystem engineers?

Invasive species that significantly alter the physical environment, impacting other species and the ecosystem as a whole.

Why are Burmese pythons successful invaders in Florida?

They eat a wide variety of prey, reproduce quickly, and grow larger than native snake species.

What is an important aspect of invasive species management?

Early detection and rapid response are key to managing and controlling invasions.

What are some strategies for managing invasive species?

Monitoring systems, chemical control, mechanical control, biological control, and regulatory measures.