Renal Drugs (Diuretics and Antigout only)

Why are diuretics prescribed?

Prescribed to treat:

Hypertension (high blood pressure) **if fluid retention is the cause of HTN

Edema (swelling, fluid retention)

Congestive heart failure (fluid build-up around the heart)

General action of diuretics

-Decreases the amount of fluid flowing through your veins and arteries will reduces blood pressure.

-Eliminates excess fluid from the body will reduce edema and complications of CHF

Thiazide diuretics

Common initial drug prescribed for HTN

Suffix: -thiazide

-inhibits reabsorption of Na+ in the DCT, which causes reduced water reabsorption.

Thiazide diuretics drugs

Microzide // Hydrochlorothiazide

Hygroton // Chlorthalidone Chlorothiazide

Indapamide

Metolazone

Loop Diuretics

Prescribed for fluid retention, and associated disorders: HTN, CHF

Suffix: -emide

-MOA: Inhibits reabsorption of Na-K-Cl in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, causing more sodium, potassium, and chloride (and in result, more water) to be excreted in the urine.

-More water is excreted with loop diuretics than thiazide.

Loop Diuretics drugs

Lasix // Furosemide

Bumex // Bumetanide

Demadex // Torsemide

Edecrin // Ethacrynic acid

Potassium sparing diuretics

Primarily prescribed for CHF, or in instances of hypokalemia due to other diuretic use

Suffix: -actone

MOA: Weakly inhibits reabsorption of Na+ in the DCT, but prevents secretion of K+ in the DCT

Potassium sparing diuretics drugs

Aldactone // Spironolactone

Midamor // Amiloride

Inspra // Eplerenone

Dyrenium // Triamterene

Top 200 combination diuretics

Dyazide // Triamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide

Maxzide // Triamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide

Side effects of diuretics

-Increased urination

-Sodium loss

-hypokalemia

-Dizziness

-Headaches

-Dehydration

-Muscle cramps

-Joint disorders (gout)

-Impotence

Antigout Agent - Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Zyloprim // Allopurinol

MOA - Reduces the production of uric acid in the body. **Used primarily for PREVENTION

Antigout Agent - Gout Agent

Colcrys // Colchicine

MOA: Decreasing swelling and lessens the build up of uric acid crystals in affected joints, thus reducing pain and inflammation in the joints. **Used for TREATMENT of gout flare-ups