Transcription vs Translation
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7 Terms
direction
transcription: mRNA made 5’ → 3’, adding to 3’ end
translation: proteins are made amino group → carboxyl group, adding to COOH; ribosome is moving on template 5’ → 3’
bond made
transcription: phosphodiester from 3’ C end of previous nucelotide to 5’ C of incoming nucleotide
translation: peptide
enzyme
transcription: RNA polymerase
translation: ribosome
nucleic acid pairing
transcription: DNA template to RNA, complementary base pairing
translation: RNA:RNA, nucleotide pairing, mRNA:tRNA
where
transcription: nucleus
translation: cytoplasm
how does it start
transcription: transcription factors (sigma bond, TBP and others) bind to promoter
translation: initiation factors (Shine-Delgarno sequence, 5’ cap, start codon) tell small ribosomal subunit and tRNA where to bind, then large subunit binds
how does it stop
transcription: DNA
translation: stop codon (mRNA)
Note 
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