Global Politics Midterm

1978 Camp David Accords

Peace agreement between Egypt and Israel negotiated with help of President Carter

Suez Canal

A ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente

Britain, France, Russia

Great Depression

the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s

Adolf Hitler

Austrian born Dictator of Germany, implement Fascism and caused WWII and Holocoust.

Appeasement

Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Russian Revolution

The revolution against the Tsarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917.

Bay of Pigs Invasion

1961 failed invasion of Cuba by a CIA-led force of Cuban exiles

Turkish Straits Crisis

-Neutral Turkey wouldn't allow Soviet ships to flow freely through the Turkish Straits that connected the Black Sea to the Mediterranean

-Turkey turns to US for help and joins NATO

-1946-1953

Russo-Japanese War

(1904-1905) War between Russia and Japan over imperial possessions. Japan emerges victorious.

Schlieffen Plan

Germany's military plan at the outbreak of World War I, according to which German troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo, started World War I.

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment.

League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

Reparations

As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany.

Rhineland

A region in Germany designated a demilitarized zone by the Treaty of Versailles; Hitler violated the treaty and sent German troops there in 1936

Dawes Plan

Installment plan for Germany, a way to help them pay reparations

Munich Conference

An agreement/conference that gave Germany the Sudetenland

Sudentland

A region in western Czechoslovakia which Germany wanted to annex, and the other leaders let him believing that would be the end of his demands.

Invasion of Ethiopia

In 1935, Mussolini brutally attacked Ethiopia with bombers and tanks, while natives were left to defend their country with spears and outdated weapons.

Operation Barbarossa

Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.

Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939)

The two leaders agreed not to attack each other, but would split Poland between them

Holocaust

the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler

Manchukou

Japanese claimed this after WWI and installed a puppet government

Pearl Harbor Attack

Japanese attacked US fleet in Hawaii causing USA to enter WW2

Battle of Midway

1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific

Truman Doctrine

1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey

Marshall Plan

A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)

Berlin Blockade

The blockade was a Soviet attempt to starve out the allies in Berlin in order to gain supremacy. The blockade was a high point in the Cold War, and it led to the Berlin Airlift.

Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)

Promised military and economic aid to countries fighting communism in the Middle East.

Korean War

The conflict between Communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.

Suez Crisis (1956)

Also referred to as the Tripartite Aggression, was a military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel beginning on 29 October 1956. A consequence from this crisis was, that president Nasser of Egypt gained prestige as the leader of Arab opposition to Western Colonialism.

Cuban Missile Crisis

The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.

SALT I Treaty

a five-year agreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, sighned in 1972, that limited the nations' numbers of intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched missiles.

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader of North Vietnam

Sino-Soviet Split

A rift in the 1960s between the communist powers of the Soviet Union and china, fueled by China's opposition to Soviet moves toward peaceful coexistence with the US

UNITA in Angola

UNITA: Ovimbundu based, US- and South Africa-backed political party

Smoot-Hawley Tariff

One of Herbert Hoover's earliest efforts to protect the nation's farmers following the onset of the Great Depression. Tariff raised rates to an all-time high.

Alliance of rye and steel

Coalition of interests between industry and agriculture who supported protectionism