NSB High School Biology Samples (Set 11)

Biology - Multiple Choice Steroids can be classified as which of the following types of biomacromolecule?

W) Carbohydrate

X) Protein

Y) Lipid

Z) Nucleic Acid

Y) LIPID

Biology - Short Answer In the mitochondrial electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation [faws-four-il-AY-shun], what molecule is the final electron acceptor?

OXYGEN (ACCEPT: O2)

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following best describes why a complete lack of cholesterol is dangerous for cells?

W) Cholesterol maintains membrane fluidity

X) Cholesterol is necessary for all signal transduction

Y) Cholesterol is required for ATP production

Z) Cholesterol protects against DNA degradation

ANSWER: W) CHOLESTEROL MAINTAINS MEMBRANE FLUIDITY

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following is definitely known about Australopithecines [aw-stral-oh-PITH-eh-seens]?

W) They had human-sized brains

X) They walked upright

Y) They were 2 meters tall, on average

Z) They were herbivores

X) THEY WALKED UPRIGHT

Biology - Short Answer Fish and reptiles are classified under what phylum?

CHORDATA

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following muscles adducts and rotates the scapula and tilts the chin?

W) Latissimus [lah-TIH-sih-mus] dorsi

X) Rhomboideus [rom-BOY-dee-us] major

Y) Subscapularis [sub-scap-yoo-LAIR-us]

Z) Trapezius [trah-PEE-zee-us]

Z) TRAPEZIUS

Biology - Short Answer Dental cavities in humans are primarily caused by what genus [JEE-nus] of bacteria?

STREPTOCOCCUS

Biology - Short Answer What structure does Paramecium [para-MEE-see-um] use for motility?

CILIUM (ACCEPT: CILIA)

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following types of bonds link monomers together in a polypeptide?

W) Glycosidic [glye-koh-SIH-dik]

X) Ester

Y) Amide [AM-ide]

Z) Ether [EE-thur]

Y) AMIDE

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following statements is true of plant cells, but not animal cells?

W) They can exhibit polyploidy [PAUL-ee-ploy-dee]

X) They use a cell plate to divide sister cells in cytokinesis

Y) They use channels to allow transfer of ions between cells

Z) They have specialized organelles that likely evolved through endosymbiosis

X) THEY USE A CELL PLATE TO DIVIDE SISTER CELLS IN CYTOKINESIS

Biology - Multiple Choice The thumb's opposability can be attributed to what type of synovial joint?

W) Pivot joint

X) Saddle joint

Y) Hinge joint

Z) Condyloid joint

X) SADDLE JOINT

Biology - Multiple Choice Oswald Avery found that an "infectious principle" could be transferred from dead, virulent streptococcus bacteria to living, avirulent bacteria, causing them to become virulent. Which of the following is NOT true of this infectious principle?

W) This material can be separated from protein in an ultracentrifuge [ultra-SEN-trih-fyooj]

X) RNA-digesting enzymes have no effect on the activity of this material

Y) Performing a hydrophobic [high-droh-FOH-bik] extraction removes the material from water

Z) DNAse [D.N. ace] destroys all activity of this material

Y) PERFORMING A HYDROPHOBIC EXTRACTION REMOVES THE MATERIAL FROM WATER

Biology - Short Answer Sea urchins and sand dollars belong to what phylum [FYE-lum]?

ECHINODERMATA

Biology - Multiple Choice Cryptonephridia [kripto-neh-FRID-ee-ah] can be found in the excretory systems of

which of the following organisms?

W) Desert rats

X) Mealworm beetle larvae

Y) Horned lizards

Z) Goldfish

X) MEALWORM BEETLE LARVAE

Biology - Short Answer To what phylum [FYE-lum] do most mushrooms belong?

BASIDIOMYCOTA

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three organisms that are platyhelminths [plat-ih-HELLminths]: 1) Octopus; 2) Hookworm; 3) Liver fluke.

3

Biology - Multiple Choice What is the most abundant protein in the world?

W) Hemoglobin

X) Rubisco

Y) Collagen

Z) Actin

X) RUBISCO

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following is a constituent of blood plasma but NOT of blood serum?

W) Hemoglobin

X) Fibrinogen [fye-BRIN-oh-jen]

Y) Albumin [al-BYOO-min]

Z) Urea

X) FIBRINOGEN

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following statements is true of root hairs?

W) They increase the surface area of the root for absorption of water

X) They are located in each stomate on the root

Y) They are found on both stems and roots

Z) They are involved in mechanical stabilization of the plant

W) THEY INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA OF THE ROOT FOR ABSORPTION OF WATER

Biology - Short Answer To what phylum [FYE-lum] do snails belong?

MOLLUSCA

Biology - Short Answer What human organ produces fibrinogen [fye-BRIN-oh-jen]?

LIVER

Biology - Multiple Choice In humans, the suprachiasmatic nucleus or "biological clock" is located in which of the following parts of the brain?

W) Pineal [PIN-ee-ul] gland

X) Hypothalamus [high-poh-THAL-ah-mus]

Y) Cerebral [seh-REE-brul] cortex

Z) Cerebellum [sarah-BELL-um]

X) HYPOTHALAMUS

Biology - Short Answer In what human organ can one find cells possessing intercalated [in-TER-cah-lated] disks?

HEART

Biology - Short Answer In protostomes, what structure does the blastopore become?

MOUTH

Biology - Multiple Choice The three-dimensional or folded shape of a protein is what hierarchical structure level?

W) Primary

X) Secondary

Y) Tertiary

Z) Quaternary

Y) TERTIARY

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT a basis for assays to measure cell numbers or cell

proliferation?

W) Presence of cell proliferation antigens

X) Rate of DNA replication

Y) Rate of RNA replication

Z) Measurement of ATP concentration

Y) RATE OF RNA REPLICATON

Biology - Multiple Choice In what part of a plant is the casparian strip located?

W) The bark

X) The stomatal guard cells

Y) The endodermis of the root

Z) The stem cortex

Y) THE ENDODERMIS OF THE ROOT

Biology - Short Answer What type of symmetry do platyhelminths [plat-ih-HELL-minths] possess?

BILATERAL

Biology - Short Answer What type of muscle is found in the intestinal wall?

SMOOTH (ACCEPT: SMOOTH MUSCLE)

Biology - Multiple Choice Metallothionein [meh-talloh-THIGH-uh-nin] is a protein that has been engineered into rice in order to promote iron uptake in the small intestine. This is because iron uptake requires which of the following

elements?

W) Phosphorus

X) Selenium

Y) Sulfur

Z) Chlorine

Y) SULFUR

Biology - Short Answer What type of cells are found in the lacunae [lah-KOO-nay] of cartilage?

CHONDROCYTES

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three cell types that are leukocytes [LOO-koh-sites]: 1) Eosinophil [ee-oh-SIN-oh-fil]; 2) Basophil [BAY-zoh-fil]; 3) Erythrocyte [eh-RITH-roh-site]

1 AND 2

Biology - Multiple Choice A deficiency of what trace element can result in goiter?

W) Sodium

X) Chlorine

Y) Potassium

Z) Iodine

Z) IODINE

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT a symptom or sign of a person suffering from diabetes

mellitus ?

W) Increase in protein breakdown

X) Presence of sugar in urine

Y) Decrease in the amount of urine production

Z) Increased levels of blood glucose

Y) DECREASE IN THE AMOUNT OF URINE PRODUCTION

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following is the adjective for a leaf arrangement in which two leaves are

present at each node?

W) Opposite

X) Alternate

Y) Whorled

Z) Sessile

W) OPPOSITE

Biology - Short Answer What is the highest level of protein structure found in hemoglobin?

QUATERNARY

Biology - Short Answer What is the name of the muscle attachment point that remains relatively stationary during contraction?

ORIGIN

Biology - Multiple Choice When viewed under a microscope, a eukaryotic [YOU-care-ee-AW-tic] cell has visible

chromosomes. In what phase of the cell cycle is the cell?

W) M

X) S

Y) G1 [G one]

Z) G-zero [g-zero]

W) M

Biology - Short Answer The hamstrings allow flexion of what joint?

KNEE

Biology - Short Answer In humans, what group of muscles produce extension of the knee joint, such as during jumping?

QUADRICEPS

Biology - Multiple Choice Which chamber in the heart has the highest systolic pressure?

W) Right atrium

X) Right ventricle

Y) Left atrium

Z) Left ventricle

Z) LEFT VENTRICLE

Biology - Short Answer List the correct order of a secretory protein pathway from synthesis to secretion: 1) Golgi apparatus; 2) Endoplasmic reticulum [reh-TIK-yoo-lum]; 3) Plasma membrane.

2, 1, 3 (ACCEPT: ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, GOLGI APPARATUS, PLASMA MEMBRANE)

Biology - Multiple Choice Grasses provide an example of a root system that is best described as which of the

following?

W) Monocot tap

X) Dicot tap

Y) Monocot fibrous

Z) Dicot fibrous

Y) MONOCOT FIBROUS

Biology - Short Answer If a Gram stain were performed on E. coli [ee COLE-eye] with saffranin [SAFF-rah-nin] as the counterstain, what color would the bacteria appear to be?

RED (ACCEPT: PINK)

Biology - Short Answer What is the repeating unit found in skeletal muscles?

SARCOMERE

Biology - Multiple Choice Chaperonins [shap-ur-OH-ninz] are involved in which of the following processes?

W) Guiding metabolites to cellular compartments

X) Ensuring proper protein folding

Y) Breaking down ubiquitin [you-BIH-kwih-tin] tagged proteins

Z) Breaking down disaccharides

X) ENSURING PROPER PROTEIN FOLDING

Biology - Short Answer In the sarcomere, what protein is found as filaments twisted into a double helix?

ACTIN

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three types of muscle that can contract strongly even when stretched : 1) Cardiac; 2) Skeletal; 3) Smooth.

3

Biology - Multiple Choice Sap that is used in making maple syrup is transported by what organ?

W) Epidermis

X) Xylem

Y) Phloem

Z) Pith

X) XYLEM

Biology - Short Answer The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction primarily involves what two proteins?

ACTIN AND MYOSIN

Biology - Multiple Choice Apical dominance in plants means that:

W) The apical bud stimulates vertical growth

X) The apical bud inhibits auxin production

Y) The apical bud stimulates floral development

Z) The apical bud inhibits the growth of lateral buds

Z) THE APICAL BUD INHIBITS THE GROWTH OF LATERAL BUDS

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three structures that possess a double membrane: 1) Lysosome

[LYE-soh-sohm]; 2) Nucleus; 3) Ribosome [RYE-beh-sohme].

2 (ACCEPT: NUCLEUS)

Biology - Short Answer Calcium ions activate muscle contraction because they move what protein from thin filaments?

TROPOMYOSIN

Biology - Multiple Choice Ferredoxin is an electron-transfer protein that contains which of the following?

W) Heme [heem] group

X) Iron-sulfur cluster

Y) Zinc finger

Z) Leucine [LOO-seen] zipper

X) IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER

Biology - Short Answer What two blood-sugar-relevant hormones are secreted by the islets [EYE-lets] of Langerhans [LAYN-gur-honz]?

GLUCAGON AND INSULIN

Biology - Short Answer What acid is produced by parietal [pah-RYE-eht-ul] cells?

HYDROCHLORIC ACID (ACCEPT: HCl)

Biology - Multiple Choice In green plants, energy is stored mainly in which of the following forms?

W) Cellulose

X) Starch

Y) Glucose

Z) ATP

X) STARCH

Biology - Short Answer What sheet of muscle separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

DIAPHRAGM

Biology - Multiple Choice Which of the following types of tissue do monocot roots possess at their center that dicot

roots do not?

W) Xylem

X) Pith

Y) Collenchyma [koh-LEN-kimma]

Z) Trichomes

X) PITH

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three processes that are considered active transport: 1) Uptake of glucose via channels; 2) Sodium-calcium exchange; 3) Mucus secretion.

2 AND 3

Biology - Short Answer In collies, what neurotransmitter is released by somatic motor neurons to induce muscle contraction?

ACETYLCHOLINE

Biology - Multiple Choice With which of the following is protein binding to a TATA [TAH-tah] box activity

associated?

W) DNA replication

X) Transcription

Y) Translation

Z) Elongation

X) TRANSCRIPTION

Biology - Short Answer Rickets is caused by a deficiency of what vitamin?

VITAMIN D

Biology - Short Answer Identify all of the following three molecules that are exocrine [EX-oh-krin] products:

1) EGF; 2) Amylase; 3) ADH.

2