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Where do junctional rhythms originate?
in the area of the AV node and the bundle of his (AV junction)
What is a retrogade impulse?
When the impulse goes backward
What happens when a retrogade impulse occurs?
One ectopic impulse splits; half goes back into the atria and the other half continues to the ventricles following normal conduction paths
What can the retrogade impulse cause in the ventricles?
it can cause the ventricles to be depolarized before the atria
What is P’ (P prime)?
the notation used to represent a P wave that originates anywhere other than the sinoatrial node
What happens to the P wave when the atria receives a retrogade impulse and why?
The P wave will be inverted because the P wave did not receive the impulse from the SA node
How does the ECG of a junctional rhythm show the P wave?
it shows the P wave coming before, after, or being hidden by the QRS complex ( so basically not appearing at all) in lead II.
What is a junctional rhythm?
When the pacemaker impulse is created in the bundle of his
How do the QRS complexes look in a junctional rhythm?
normal
Junctional rhythms can be easily confused with ______ when atrial impulses include retrograde depolarization and inverted P waves.
atrial arrhythmias
In the case which junctional rhythms are confused with atrial arhythmias, what is used to determine the rhythm?
PR interval
How long will the PR interval be in a junctional rhythm?
less than 0.12 seconds
Why is the PR interval less than 0.12 seconds in a junctional rhythm?
because it originated in the AV junction and not the atria
What is the heart rate of a junctional rhythm?
40-60 BPM
Note 
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