Hinduism
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Last updated 2:46 PM on 12/7/22
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28 Terms
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brahman
the source/essence of the universe, the grounding of all existence; different approaches are acceptable because people are inherently different (aka atman)
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liberation
return to the sacred source
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salvation
liberation from the human condition, reincarnation
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jiva
any living being with a life force/soul
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om
source/vibration/consciousness of the entire universe; symbol of hinduism
infinite state, maya, dream state, conscious state, unconscious state
infinite state, maya, dream state, conscious state, unconscious state
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moksha
infinite release; escape from reincarnation
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monism
the spiritual belief that everything is, on the most fundamental level, interconnected and one being
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upanishads
philosophy, two hundred texts, commentary on the vedas
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vedas
holy sanskrit poems
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samsara
wheel of rebirth/reincarnation
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bhagavad gita
the most popular religious text in hinduism
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karma
the moral law of cause and effect that determines the nature of your reality
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dharma
one's ethical duty
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caste
the sect you are born into (determined by karma)
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sati
a practice in which a widowed woman would sacrifice herself by sitting on her husband's funeral pyre as it burned
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sannyasin
return to the world but detached; you have been changed, the finite self does not hold back the infinite
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karma marga
path to moksha; doing the right thing because it is the right thing (not for reward, recognition, or success)
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jnana marga
path to moksha; shortest but steepest way — philosophical reflection
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maya
jnana marga/vendanta; world and finite beings are cosmic illusions brought about by divine creative power
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yogi
a guide through raja yoga and freeing oneself from bondage
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samadhi
a state of intense concentration achieved through meditation; union with the divine
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bhakti marga
loving devotion to one’s god or goddess; focus more on god/goddess than needs and desires of self
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avatar
an incarnation or living embodiment of a deity
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brahma
creator god, not worshipped much anymore
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vishnu
preserver god, avatars eg. krishna, rama
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shiva
destroyer god
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kali
god, wife of shiva
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ganesha
god of wisdom, remover of obstacles
