Ab Psych Final (Overview) PSYC 341 CSUF Dr. Mori

Cluster A consists of which PD's?

Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal PD's

What are the adult characteristics of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

-Insensitive/indifferent attitudes towards the laws of society and to societal expectation and norms.
-Insensitive and indifferent attitude towards the rights of others
-Lack of conscience
-Limited emotional range
-Trill seeking/often bored
-Irresponsible
-Poor impulse control

What is Alcohol Myopia?

the loss of logical reasoning and inability to recognize consequences of actions. shortsightedness view of the world

About how long does it take to detox from alcohol?

A week

According to the book, what is Transvestism?

When men have strong, recurrent, sexual fantasies or behaviors in which they cross-dress.

Behaviorists propose that fetishism is learned through...?

Classical conditions: Early sexual experiences occur in the presence of particular objects, then perhaps the objects will become associated with sexual arousal.

Biological studies have found what in relation to sadists?

Signs of possible abnormalities with endocrine system

Cluster A individuals include...

1. Paranoid
2. Schizoid
3. Schizotypal

Cluster B Personality Disorders are thought to reflect...

peculiarities in emotional experience, expression, and interpersonal presentation and relations.

Cluster B consists of which PD's?

Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic PD's

Cluster C Personality Disorders are thought to reflect...

highly anxious temperaments.

Cluster C consists of which PD's?

Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive PD's

Current marijuana is ___ times more powerful as in the past.

10x

Define the treatment: Covert Sensitization

Guided imagery pairing pleasurable object with aversive object until sexual pleasure is no longer desired

Define the treatment: Masturbatory Satiation

Masturbation until completion while imagining sexually appropriate objects, followed by an hour of masturbation while fantasizing about fetish object, this is the sex therapy form of flooding

Define the treatment: Orgasmic Reorientation

Teaching individuals to respond to appropriate sources of sexual stimulation, go back and forth between conventional and fetish stimuli

Exposing an individual to their paraphalia of choice and then introducing an unpleasant smell immediately after is an example of what type of CBT?

Aversion Therapy (Aversive conditioning)

Heroin addiction among young adults between 18-25 has ____'d in the past 10 years.

Doubled

How does a person who is a Schizoid behave?

- Seemingly indifferent to relationships.
- Restricted range of emotional experience expression.
- Loners but not lonely.

How does a person who is a Schizotypal behave?

-Similar to an individual with schizophrenia.
-Socially awkward, but wants friends.

How does alcohol affect the body?

-Depresses and slows functioning by binding to various neurons (GABA receptors).
-This causes a relaxation effect. Increases levels of serotonin and dopamine . Inhibits Glutamate receptors.

How is Schizoaffective Disorder treated?

With medication for both their mood disorder & their schizophrenia.

LSD is what type of drug?

(Synthetic) Hallucinogen

Nicotine affects which neurotransmitters?

- Dopamine
- Serotonin
- Norepinephrine

Psychodynamic theorists propose that voyeurs seek to gain...?

Power over others, possibly because they feel inadequate or are sexually or socially shy.

T/F: It is more dangerous to withdraw from alcohol addiction than it is from heroin addiction.

True

T/F: Paraphilias are male dominated

True

T/F: Pedophiles most commonly victimize children within their own family, social circle, neighborhood, church, or community.

True

This PD features include excessive orderliness, perfectionism, rigidity, and need for control over one's environment.

Obsessive Compulsive PD

What % of BPD patients are female?

75%

What % of BPD patients attempt suicide? What % complete?

70% attempt 6-9% complete

What % of individuals who smoke marijuana went on to do harder drugs?

60%

hat % of individuals with a Personality Disorder don't seek treatment?

Approximately 80%

What % of men are sexually victimized? Women?

15% of men; 20-30% of women

What are Delirium Tremens (DTS)?

A withdrawal syndrome that is seen in individuals with alcohol dependence, involves intense autonomic hyperactivity and mental confusion.

What PD are the following characteristics related to?
- Seemingly indifferent to relationships
- A restricted range of emotional experience and expression
- "loners" but not lonely
- Inconsistencies

Schizoid PD

What are Paraphilic Disorders?

Paraphilias that cause significant personal distress or functional impairment in a major life role or harm to others (exception of pedophilia).

What are Fish's Prospective Study of Schizophrenia Developmental markers?

Mothers with schizophrenia who had children found this pattern:
1. Inconsistent motor development.
2. Visual perceptual development slows down and then speeds up again within the first year.
3. Muscle and bone growth likewise slows down and then speeds up to within the average range by the end of the first year.

What are the 3 phases of Schizophrenia?

1. Prodromal - period of gradual deterioration
2. Active/Acute - obvious psychotic symptoms develop, wild hallucinations, delusions & increasingly bizarre behavior
3. Residual - behavior returns to the level of the prodromal phase. Flagrant psychotic behaviors are absent but the person is still impaired by significant cognitive, social and emotional deficits.

What are the PDs in Cluster A thought to reflect?

Peculiarities in presentation, thinking, and perception.

What are the childhood characteristics of Antisocial Personalty Disorder?

Chronic lying, stealing, vandalism, fighting, running away, substance abuse, sexual promiscuity, cruelty to animals, cruelty to others, chronic truancy.

What are the harmful components in cigarette smoke?

1. Nicotine
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Tar

What are the recovery statistics for Schizophrenia?

30% have good recovery
40% moderate
30% severe and chronic case overtime

What are the subtypes of schizophrenia?

Type 1: positive symptoms predominate, tend to respond to both traditional and atypical antipsychotics, have a better prognosis.

Type 2 : negative symptoms abound. Limitations with this categorical system include that many patients show an equal mix of positive and negative symptoms.

What are the treatment methods for paraphilias?

1. Aversion Therapy
2. Covert sensitization
3. Masturbatory Satiation
4. Orgasmic Reorientation

What blood alcohol level is intoxication?

150-300mg% (0.15-0.3)
(different from BAL for safe driving)

What blood alcohol level is potentially fatal?

Above 400mg% (0.4)

What blood alcohol level is the legal limit for driving?

80-100mg% (0.08-0.1)

What did Bracha's discordant twins study find?

Found hand abnormalities in schizophrenia twins, but none in non-schizophrenia twins. Suggests that something happened early in life (possibly before birth) that altered development of schizophrenia.

What form of treatment is used for Schizoid PD?

CBT; however, Schizoids often don't require treatment since the PD isn't often maladaptive.

What did John Money trace the origins of paraphilias back to?

Childhood experiences that etch a pattern in the brain (called lovemaps ).

What history must a person have to be able to be diagnosed with Antisocial PD?

a history of Conduct Disorder before the age of 15.

What is Biphasic Effect?

-Seems stimulating, but the first phase depresses the areas of the brain that controls judgement and inhibition.
-Then acts as a depressant and slows down additional areas of the CNS. Example: Alcohol

What is brief psychotic disorder?

-Symptoms of schizophrenia lasting less than 1 month
-Total remission within 1 month (back to normal daily functioning)
-May be caused by stress

What is erotomania?

delusion that one of higher statues is in love with or infatuated with you (even if you've never met)

What is Route of Administration?

How a drug is ingested

What is Schizoaffective Disorder?

The patient experiences mood episode (major depressive, manic, hypomanic) and concurrently have symptoms of schizophrenia.

What is Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Milder variant of schizophrenia. Exhibit odd thinking and behavior, not to the extent of schizophrenia (psychotic).
-The only schizophrenic disorder that is not psychotic.

What is Tardive Dyskinesia (TD)?

A permanent side effect of chronic use of antipsychotics, characterized by involuntary movements of the face, mouth and tongue (lip smacking, tongue thrusting and facial grimacing).

What is Tolerance?

Physical habituation to a drug such that with frequent use higher doses are needed to achieve the same effects or the same amount of substance has a diminished effect.

What is Voyeurism?

(aka Peeping) - involves strong and recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors in which a person becomes sexually aroused by watching unsuspecting people, generally strangers, who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.

What is Autogynephilia?

A form of Autoeroticism involving a male's propensity to be sexually aroused by the thought of himself as a female.

What is Diabulimia?

When an individual doesn't take their insulin in order to lose weight.

What is Exhibitionism?

(aka "Flashing") characterized by strong and recurrent urges, fantasies, or behaviors of exposing of one's genitals to unsuspecting individuals for the purpose of sexual arousal.

What is Fetishism?

Recurrent, powerful sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving inanimate objects, such as articles of clothing.

What is Freebasing?

A technique for ingesting cocaine by heating it with ether and then smoking it, increasing the effect

What is Heroin?

Synthetic Opiate made from modifying morphine.

What is Hypoxyphilia/Autoerotic Asphyxia?

Form of sexual masochism that involves oxygen deprivation, claims it intensifies orgasms.

What is Stepping-Stone theory?

The common concern that marijuana use can be the first step for young people to become addicted to other drugs.

What is Substance Intoxication?

A pattern of repeated episodes of intoxication, which is a state of drunkenness or of being "high".

What is a Paraphilia?

Sexual arousal associated with atypical stimuli, deviant objects or situations.

What is withdrawal syndrome?

The condition that people who become physically dependent on a drug will often experience. They experience undesired side-effects of stopping drug use, which tend to be the opposite effects the drug normally has.

What is a unique diagnostic criteria among personality disorders?
Which disorder is it a part of?

Age requirement of 18+ for Antisocial Personality Disorder

What is sadomasochism?

Practice of mutually gratifying sexual interactions, involving both sadistic and masochistic tendencies.

What is the Behavioral Dimension (Robin's View) of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Emphasized observable behaviors (typically those that were in violation of rules, regulations, and laws or infringed on the rights of others) and repeated conflict with authorities.

What is the Criteria for Personality Disorders?

- Persistent maladaptive patterns of behavior
- Inability to change maladaptive approach
- Neurotic (no loss of contact with reality - except BPD)
- Cause of Social or occupational problems
- Cause of Significant personal distress

What is the Dopamine Theory?

Hypothesizes that schizophrenia involves overactivity of dopamine transmission in the brain.

What is the best treatment for Schizophrenia?

The best treatment outcomes involve a combination of well-coordinated multidisciplinary treatment approaches including medication, social skills and other CBT training, family education and therapy, occupational training and placement, and social support.

What is the criteria for pedophilia?

-The person must be at least 16
-At least 5 years older than the child or children.
-Only defined as a pedophile when the sexual attraction to children is equal to or greater than sexual attraction to adults, therefore, not all child molesters will meet criteria.

What is the diagnostic criteria for Gender Dysphoria?

Significant discomfort associated with having a transgender identity.

What is the diagnostic criteria for Paraphilias?

-Recurrent, intense sexual urges or fantasies involving nonhuman objects, non-consenting partners, or suffering of oneself or one's partner.
-The person has acted upon these urges or is markedly distressed by them.
-The sexual urges have persisted for at least 6 months

What is the difference between Substance-induced disorders & Substance use disorders?

1. Substance-induced is a result of a substance such as being intoxicated or experiencing withdrawal

2. Substance-use is a pattern of maladaptive use of psychoactive substances that leads to significant levels of impairment or distress.

What is the estimated prevalence rate of crossdressing among men in the US?

0.5-5% crossdress

What is the hardened, smokeable form of cocaine called?

Crack

What is the literal translation of Schizophrenia?

Split Mind

What is the most abused illegal substance?

Marijuana
(Illegal in most states)

What is the most abused substance?

Alcohol

What is the most addictive substance?

Nicotine

What is the most common paraphilia in women?

Masochism

What is the most powerful form of cannabis?

Hash/Hashish

What is the most widely held view of alcoholism?

The disease model (the belief that alcoholism is a medical illness).

What is the personality dimension (Cleckley's Theory) of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Emphasized emotional deficits (absence of anxiety, shame and guilt) and personality traits (impulsivity and self-focus).

What is the prevalence of Schizophrenic Disorders in the US?

1% of the U.S. general population

What is the treatment for Gender Dysphoria?

-Some seek sex reassignment surgery
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) to promote development of secondary sex characteristics

What is Schizophreniform Disorder?

A hold diagnosis for schizophrenia, symptoms are identical but have persisted for less than 6 months.

What medicine is showing promise in treating certain paraphilic disorders?

SSRIs, they help with paraphilic disorders such as exhibitionism or voyeurism because of their benefit of curbing compulsive thinking.

What medicine was our guest speaker Madison taking?

Celexa (SSRI with anti-anxiety effects)

What percentage of College students nationwide use marijuana?

38%

What treatment is used for repeated sex offenders?

Chemical castration
(Melt that dick off)

What was Madison diagnosed with?

-Borderline PD
-Major Depressive Episodes -PTSD
-Generalized Anxiety Disorder
-Excoriation disorder (impulsive skin picking)
-Depersonalization Disorder