DNA structure, functions, replication
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DNA Structure, Function, Replication
Last updated 12:59 PM on 3/12/25
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10 Terms
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DNA Structure
The structural form of DNA, which is a double helix resembling a twisted ladder.
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Double Helix
The shape of DNA, formed by two intertwined strands of nucleotides.
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Nucleotide
The basic unit of DNA, composed of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
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Chargaff's Rules
Rules stating that Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C), indicating complementary base pairing.
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Semi-Conservative Replication
A method of DNA replication where each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand.
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DNA Polymerase
An enzyme that reads DNA strands and builds new complementary strands during replication, while also proofreading for errors.
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DNA Helicase
An enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs.
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Hydrogen Bonds
The type of bonds that hold the two strands of the DNA helix together, with A-T pairs having 2 and G-C pairs having 3.
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Watson & Crick
Scientists who discovered the double helix structure of DNA based on Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography images.
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Base Pairing Rules
The rules that define how nitrogenous bases pair in DNA: A with T and G with C to maintain the structure of DNA.
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