Muscles point of orgin and inseertion and their action

Frontalis

Origin: Epicranial aponeurosis

Insertion: Skin of eyebrows and nose

Action: raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead

Occipitalis

Origin: Occipital Bone

Insertion: Epicranial aponeurosis

Action: tense and ill scalp posteriorly

Masseter

Origin: zygomatic arch

Insertion: Ramus of mandible

Action: Elevate mandible

Orbicularis oculi

Origin: frontal and maxilla bones

Insertion: eyelid

Action: closes eyes

Orbicularis oris

Origin: Maxilla and mandible

Insertion: muscles and skin at the corners of the mouth

Action: close and purse lips

Temporalis

Origin: parietal and frontal bones

Insertion: corona is process of the mandible

Action: elevate mandible

Zygomaticus

Origin: zygomatic bone

Insertion: muscles and skin at the corners of mouth

Action: raises lateral corners of mouth

Platysma

Origin: fascia of thorax

Insertion: mandible, skin, and muscles of cheek

Action: tense skin of neck; depress mandible

Sternohyoid

Origin: clavicle and manubrium

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depress hyoid and larynx

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: clavicle and manubrium

Insertion: mastoid process

Action: flex neck (both), bend head toward shoulder and turn face opposite (one)

Diaphragm

Origin: inferior border of rib cage

Insertion: central tendon

Action: expand size of thoracic cavity

External intercostal

Origin: superior rib’s inferior border

Insertion: inferior ribs border

Action: elevate ribs

Internal intercostal

Origin: inferior ribs border

Insertion: superior ribs border

Action depress ribs

Latissimus dorsi

Origin: spinous process of T7-L5 vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and iliac crest

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Action: extend. Adduct, and medially rotate arm and shoulder

Pectoralis major

Origin: clavicle, sternum, and cartilage of ribs 2-6

Insertion: greater tubercle and inter tubercle sulcus of humerus

Action: flex, adductor, and medially rotate arm at shoulder

Pectoralis minor

Origin: ribs 3-5

Insertion: coracoid process of scapula

Action: ribs fixed-draws scapula forward and downward

Rhomboid major and minor

Origin: spinous process of C7-T5 vertebrae

Insertion: medial edge of scapula

Action: adductor scapula, rotate glenoid cavity downward

Serratus anterior

Origin: ribs 1-8

Insertion: anterior surface of medial edge of scapula

Action: hold scapula against chest wall, rotate glenoid cavity upward

Trapezius

Origin: occipital bone and spinous process of the C7-T12 vertebrae

Insertion: acromion an spine of scapula, clavicle

Action: stabilize and move scapula

External oblique

Origin: ribs 5-12

Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest

Action: flex and rotate vertebral column, compress abdomen

Internal oblique

Origin: Lumbodorsal fascia and iliac crest

Insertion: ribs 9-12, xiphoid process, and linea alba

Action: flex and rotate vertebral column, compress abdomen

Rectus abdominus

Origin: pubis

Insertion: xiphoid process, costal cartilage of ribs 5-7

Action: depress ribs, flex vertebral column, compress abdomen

Transverse abdominus

Origin: lumbodorsal fascia, iliac crest, cartilage of ribs 6-12

Insertion: linea alba and pubis

Action: compress abdomen

Deltoid

Origin: clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula

Insertion: deltoid Tuberosity of humorous

Action: whole muscle-abduct humorous, posterior part-extend humerus, anterior part-flex humerus

Infraspinatus

Origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: laterally rotate humerus

Terse major

Origin: inferior edge of scapula

Insertion: intertubercle sulcus of humerus

Action: extend, adduct, and medially rotate humerus

Biceps brachii

Origin: coracoid process, superior edge of glenoid cavity

Insertion: radial Tuberosity of radius

Action: flex elbow and shoulder, supinate forearm

Brachialis

Origin: anterior/distal humerus

Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna

Action: flex elbow

Triceps brachii

Origin: inferior edge of glenoid cavity, posterior shaft of humerus

Insertion: olecronon process of ulna

Action: extend elbow

Brachioradialis

Origin: lateral/distal end of humerus

Insertion: styloid process of radius

Action: flex elbow

Flexor carpi radialis

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: second and third metacarpals

Action: flex and abduct wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process of ulna

Insertion: carpals and fifth metacarpals

Action: flex and adduct wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: lateral/distal end of humerus

Insertion: second metacarpals

Action: extend and abduct wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origin:; lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: fifth metacarpals

Action: extend and adduct wrist

Adductor longus

Origin: pubis

Insertion: linea aspera of femurs

Action: adduct, flex, and medially rotate hip

Adductor magnus

Origin: ischium and pubis

Insertion: linea aspera and near medial epicondyle of femurs

Action: adduct, flex, or extend hip

Gluteus Maximus

Origin: dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx

Insertion: postero-proximal femur, lateral side of proximal tibia via iliotibial tract

Action: extend and laterally rotate hip

Gluteus medius

Origin: lateral surface of ilium

Insertion: greater trochanter of femur

Action: abduct and medially rotate hip

Gracilis

Origin: pubis

Insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia

Action: adduct and medially rotate hip, flex knee

Biceps femoris

Origin: ischium and linea aspera of femur

Insertion: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Action: extend and laterally rotate hip, flex knee

Semimembranosus

Origin: ischium

Insertion: medial condyle of tibia

Action: extend and medially rotate hip, flex knee

Semitendinosus

Origin: ischium

Insertion: medial side of proximal tibia

Action: extend and medially rotate hip, flex knee

Iliopsoas

Origin: ilium, sacrum, and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

Action: flex hip and lumbar vertebral column

Pectineus

Origin: pubis

Insertion: medial and posterior region of proximal femur

Action: adduct, flex and medially rotate hip

Sartorius

Origin: anterior ilium

Insertion: medial side of proximal tibia

Action: flex and laterally rotate hip, flex knee

Tensor fasciae latae

Origin: iliac crest and anterior ilium

Insertion: lateral side of proximal tibia via iliotibial tract

Action: flex and medially rotate hip

Rectus femoris

Origin: superior to the acetabulum

Insertion: tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action: flex hip, extend knee

Vastus intermedius

Origin: anterilateral femur and linea aspera

Insertion: tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament Action: extend knee

Vastus lateralis

Origin: greater trochanter to linea aspera of femur

Insertion: tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action: extend knee

Vastus medialis

Origin: linea aspera of femur

Insertion: tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action: extend knee

Extensor digitorum longus

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal fibula

Insertion: toes two through five

Action: extend toes

Fibularis longus

Origin: proximal tibia and fibula

Insertion: tarsal and metatarsal bones

Action: extend ankle, evert foot

Gastrocnemius

Origin: medial and lateral condyle of femur

Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Action: extend ankle, flex knee

Soleus

Origin: proximal tibia and fibula

Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Action: extend ankle

Tibialis anterior

Origin: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia

Insertion: tarsal and metatarsal bones

Action: flex ankle, invert foot

Calcaneal tendon

Action: tendon connection gastrocnemius an soleus muscle