CH 5

protists and fungi

groups of eukaryotes

membrane

coordination, large surface area of activities, transport system

chitin

fungi cell wall, most closely realted to humans

protozoa

have flagella, easier to treat than fungi, NO CELL WALL

sterols

increase fluidity, microplasma has ONLY these

cell envelope of eukaryotes

plasma membrane and external coverings

photosynthetic algea

photosynthetic algea

cellulose, pectin, silica, calcium carbonate

cytoplasm of eukaryotes

cytosol, cytoskeleton

cytosol

liquid component where organelles are located

cytoskeleton

helps organize cytoplasm, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules

Rough ER

ribosomes attached to outer surface, important in cells that synthesize many proteins to be secreted

Smooth ER

devoid of ribosomes, important in cells that synthesize lipids

function of ER

hub for molecular synthesis and transport, cell membrane synthesis

golgi apparatus

packages materials and prepares them for secretion

lysosomes

works best for acidic conditions, digestion of nutrients, maintains acidic environment by pumping protons into their interior

hydrolases

enzymes that hydrolyze molecules and function best under slightly acidic conditions

nucleus

two lipid bilayer surrounds, houses chromosomes, contain chromatin, histones

80 S

eukaryotic ribosomes size

70 S

size of chloroplasts and mitochondria

mitochondria

chloroplasts

pigment-containing organelles observe in plants and algea, site of photosynthetic reactions, surrounded by double membrane

flagella

move in undulating fashion, diff than archea structure

cilia

ONLY EUK, short hair like structures, beat with two phases

basal body

at base of flagellum or cilia in cytoplasm,directs synthesis of flagella and cilia

fungal cells

chitin, glucan