CHEM: 3.0.1 Nomenclature of Ether, Alcohol, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic Acid, Acid Halide, Amide, Ester, Acid Anhydride, Amine, Thiols

Ether

ROR’

Shorter R Group + Oxy + Longer R Group

IUPAC Naming Ethers

CH3CH2OCH3 (Methoxyethane)

Example of an Ether

Alcohol

ROH

R Group + -ol

IUPAC Naming Alcohols

CH3CH2CH2OH (1-propanol or n-propyl alcohol)

Example of an Alcohol

Form

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

1 Carbon

Acet

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

2 Carbons

Propion

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

3 Carbons

Butyr

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

4 Carbons

Valer

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

5 Carbons

Capro

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

6 Carbons

Enanth

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

7 Carbons

Capryl

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

8 Carbons

Pelargon

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

9 Carbons

Capr

Common name prefix of aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives

10 Carbons

Aldehyde

RCHO

R-Group + -al

IUPAC Naming Aldehydes

Ketone

RCOR’

R-Group + -one

IUPAC Naming Ketones

Carboxylic Acid

RCOOH

R-Group + -oic + acid

IUPAC Naming Carboxylic Acids

Acid Halide

RCOX

R-Group + -oyl + Halide

IUPAC Naming Acid Halides

Primary Amide, Secondary Amide, Tertiary Amide

RCONH2, RCONH-R’, RCONR’R’’

R-Group + -amide

IUPAC Naming Amides

Ester

RCOOR’

Shorter R Group + Longer R Group + -oate

IUPAC Naming Ester

Acid Anhydride

RCOOCOR’

R-Group + -oic + Anhydride

IUPAC Naming Acid Anhydrides

Amine

RNH2

R Group + -amine

IUPAC Naming Amine

Thiol

RSH

R-Group + -thiol

IUPAC Naming Thiol

R-Group + mercaptan

Common Name Naming Thiol

2-methylpropanoyl bromide

Identify the IUPAC name of the following compound.

2,2-dimethylbutanamide

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N-methyl-2-methylpropanamide

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Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate

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Ethanoic Anhydride

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2-butanamine

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N-methylmethanamine

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IUPAC: 2-propanethiol

CN: Isopropyl Mercaptan

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