BIO LAB : Diffusion and Osmosis

What is diffusion?

The movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

What is osmosis?

The movement of water across a membrane from areas of high free water concentration to areas of low free water concentration across the membrane

What are cells surrounded by?

Plasma

What are the components of a cell membrane?

Semi permeable

Composed of phospholipids

Passive and Active Transport

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

What are the parts of phospholipids?

Hydrophilic Head (attracted to water)

Hydrophobic Tail (repelled by water)

From Top to bottom

Interstitial Fluid (extracellular)

Cytosolic Fluid (Intracellular)

What is passive transport?

Type of transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes from high to low concentration

What is active transport?

Type of movement that requires ATP to move substances across the membrane from low to high concentration

What is simple diffusion?

Passive movement across a semipermeable membrane from a high to low concentration without assistance or energy

What is facilitated diffusion

Passive transport that uses membrane proteins to move molecules across a membrane from high to low concentration

From top to Bottom

Passive and Active Transport

Simple Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion

Dialysis Tubing have microscope holes that allow what?

For small molecules to pass through but not large molecules (separates molecules based on size)

What is hemodialysis?

Using dialysis membrane to clean blood and remove harmful substances

What is peritoneal dialysis?

Uses dialysis fluid to remove harmful substances inside the body

What is hypotonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions?

Hypotonic: Cell fills up with an excessive amount of water

Isotonic: Cell fills up and loses normal amount of water

Hypertonic: Cell loses an excessive amount of water

What is water intoxication?

When a person consumes excessive amounts of water causing the body’s electrolyte balance to be disrupted

What is the part of the paramecium that appears and disappears under the microscope?

Contractile Vacuoles (regulate osmotic pressure)

What happens during plasmolysis?

Happens during a hypertonic solution and is when the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall as the cell loses water

Which parts of the heart carry oxygenated blood?

Lungs, Pulmonary Vein, Aorta

Which parts of the heart carry deoxygenated blood?

Pulmonary artery, Vena Cava, Heart

What is the cardiac cycle composed of?

Contraction of the atria

Relaxation of the atria

Contraction of the ventricles

Relaxation of the ventricles

What happens during systemic circulation?

Left side propels fresh oxygenated blood from the lungs through the left atria to the left ventricle then throughout the whole body

What happens during pulmonary circulation?

Deoxygenated blood is received in the right atrium though the vena cavas then pushed to the right ventricle though the pulmonary trunk then to the pulmonary arteries then back to the lungs