Geo ( Metamorphic & Igneous)

The latin word “______” meaning fire.

Ignis

It is based on size, shape, arrangement and degree of crystallinity.

Texture

The minerals present in this rock type are Pyroxene, amphibole olivine, biotite.

Gabbro/ Basalt

Give one example of intrusive rocks.

Granite/ Diorite/ Gabbro/ Peridotite

Large igneous bodies deep beneath the Earth.

Pluton

Nearly vertical structure that cuts across pre-existing layering.

Dike

Nearly horixontal structure injected between pre-existing layering.

Sill

Dome-shaped intrusion

Laccolith

Lenticular intrusion with a depressed central region.

Lopolith

Angular clast (greater than 64 mm)

Blocks

Rounded clast (greater than 64 mm)

Bombs

Igneous rocks that are 2-64 mm in diameter.

Lapilli

Igneous rocks that are 2 mm in diameter.

Ash

Fragments of rocks.

Lithic

Glassy fragments

Vitric

Measurements of the fragments of rocks erupted by a volcano

Pyroclastic size

The magma type of Andesitic ranges from _____ to _____ temperature.

900 degree C - 1000 degree C

The viscosity of an ultrabasic magma is called ______.

Low to very low

Ultramafic, mafic and felsic are _____ terms.

Color

This is formed when there is decrease in pressure, addition of volatiles or hear transfer from rising magma.

Magma

Determines the percentage of dark-colored and light colored minerals.

Composition

Based on completeness of crystal form and size.

Crystal form

The depth of this structire is greater than 100km²

Batholith

What do you call a crystal form that has complete crystal faces.

Euhedral

It has no observable crystal faces.

Anhedral

It is the force applied to a rock.

Stress

Metamorphism begins at what temperature

150-200°C

Metamorphic minerals that forms only under netamorphic temperature and pressures.

Mineral Assemblage

A chemical and mineral composition alteration of rocks by reactions with hydrothermal fluids

Metasomatism

This path indicates decreasing temperatures and pressures as rock is carried toward

Earth's surface.

Retrogade

A mixture of igneous rock and relict of metamorphic rock

Migmatite

 Textural change to a pre-existing "parent rock” or protolith

Metamorphism

Repetitive layering due to preferred mineral orientation

foliation

The increase in temperature with increasing depth in Earth's interior

Geothermal Gradient

A part of Metamorphic processes where formation of new metamorphic mineral crystals

Neocrystallization

It is a metamorphic process that change in grain shape and size only

Recrystallization

Force applied in a particular direction (shearing)

Differential stress

Are non-foliated metamorphic rocks

Granoblastic

Force applied equally in all directions (compression)

Confining Stress

Dark and light layers of colored minerals

Compositional banding

 Preferred orientation of large mica flakes

Schistosity

Distinctive arrangements of mineral grains not found in other rock types

metamorphic texture

Rock groups with varying mineral compositions formed under particular conditions of temperature and pressure from different parent rocks.

Metamorphic Facies

What are the 2 types of divergent plate boundaries

Contact metamorphism & Seafloor Metamorphism

It refers to the degree of metamorphic change a rock has undergone, which correlates with changes in mineral composition and textures pressure and temperature increases

Metamorphic grade

Mineral grains dissolve producing ions that migrate then precipitate elsewhere

Pressure solutions

One mineral transforms to another mineral with the same composition but different crystal structure

Phase change

Same combination of minerals occur due to metamorphism

Metamorphic zone

It forms within a limited range of temperatures and pressures

index minerals