Healthcare Medical law and ethics

criminal law

deals with wrong against society and its members; crime and punishment

civil law

violation of an individual's rights because of conflict between two or more people

torts

law which is the largest of civil law, determines if someone should be legally responsible for something such as injuries or damages caused to another individual, leading to potential compensation.

malpractice

negligence by act or omission by a HCP treatment falling below healthcare standards causing death or injury

negligence

a person fails to do their duty to prevent injuries or accidents leading to patient damage

assault

an action that places a person in immediate fear of bodily harm

battery

unlawful touching of a person without his or her consent

informed consent

consnet obtained after asking patient and patient is fully aware of the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the proposed treatment.

implied consent

when person in unconcious assumption that they would desire care if they were able to make the decision for themselves

expressed consent

verbal, nonverbal, written communicated by a patient that they wish to receive medical attentionfor a specific procedure or treatment. This type of consent is explicit and requires a clear agreement.

mandated consent

patient is REQUIRED to receive medical attention. a legal requirement to obtain patient's permission before providing certain types of medical treatment or intervention, often pertaining to specific laws or regulations.

false imprisonment

holding someone agaisnt their will without proper authorization or legal justification, typically occurring in a healthcare setting when a patient is restrained or detained without consent.

abuse

to treat with cruelty or violence especially regularly (4 types of abuse)

fraud

claiming to have a degree or experience or credentials in a job but its fake.

abandenment

is the improper termination of a healthcare relationship, resulting in patients not receiving necessary care when they need it.

slander

a form of defamation involving spoken false statements that damage a person's reputation. (oral statement not written)

libel

the act of publishing false statements that damage a person's reputation. (on paper, through writing)

manslaughter

the crime of killing a human being without malice aforethought or otherwise in circumstances not justifying murder, often due to negligence or recklessness.

medical privelge

doctor patient confidentiality applies to matters shared between them during medical course of treatment, protecting patient information from being disclosed without consent.

residents bill of rights

A set of rights ensuring that residents in long-term care facilities are treated with dignity and respect, have the right to participate in their care, and maintain their privacy.

patient care partnership

replaced the AHA’s patients bill of rights to inform patients of their rights and responsibilities in the healthcare process, emphasizing the importance of patient involvement in their care. brochure.

EHR

electronic health record for patients

e HPI

history of present illnesses, which provides details about the patient's current health issues and medical history.

advanced directives

legal documents that provide instructions for medical care and decisions to be made on a patient's behalf in case they become unable to communicate their wishes.

living will

a written request, usually to withhold heroic life support measures from a patient with a terminal condition.

durable power of attorney

a legal document that grants one person the authority to make healthcare decisions on behalf of another individual if they become incapacitated.

DNR

do not resuscitate order, a medical directive that indicates a patient's wish to forego resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest.

patient self determination act

requires hospitals and etc to have written policies regarding advanced directives and to inform patients of their rights to make their own healthcare decisions.

HIPAA

health insurance portability and accountability: national standards to protect patient privacy and personal health information

ethic

system of principles a society develops to guide decisions about what is right or wrong

ethical dilemma

a situation where a choice must be made between conflicting moral principles, often involving a difficult decision with potential harm.

code of ethics

standrads of professional conduct that promotes welfare of patients and ensure high quality care

values

beliefs and ideas that provide the foundation for making decisions and guiding behaviors.