APUSH Topic 4

In the early 1800s, national political parties continued to debate issues such as the ___, ___, and ___.

tariff, powers of the federal government, relations with European powers

Supreme Court decisions established the ___ in determining the meaning of the Constitution and asserted that ___.

primacy of the judiciary, federal laws took precedence over state laws

Following the Louisiana Purchas, the US government sought ___ and ___ over North America through a variety of means, including ___ and ___

influence, control, exploration, diplomatic efforts

 ___ often trumped national concerns as the basis for many political leaders’ positions on ___ and ___

regional interests, slavery, economic policy

Plans to further unify the US economy, such as the ___, generated debates over whether such policies would benefit ___ or ___, potentially favoring different sections of the country.

american system, agriculture, industry

American System

improved weak infrastructure and transportation, funded internal improvement, federal tariffs, 2nd bank of the US

Congressional attempts at political compromise, such as the ___, only temporarily stemmed growing tensions between ___ and ___ of slavery

missouri compromise, opponents, defenders

Struggling to create an independent global presence, the US sought to ___ throughout the North American continent and promote ___.

claim territory, foreign trade

The US government sought influence and control over the Western Hemisphere through a variety of means, including ___, ___, and diplomatic efforts such as the ___

military actions, american indian removal, monroe doctrine 

Monroe Doctrine

us didnt want europe in west hemisphere

Entrepeneurs helped to create a ___ in production and commerce, in which market relationships between producers and consumers came to prevail as the manufacture of goods became more organized.

market revolution

Market Revolution

coordinated industry in us, made by advances in agriculture, industry, and transportation

Innovations including ___, ___, ___, the ___, and ___ increased the efficiency of production methods.

textile machinery, steam engines, interchangeable parts, telegraph, agricultural inventions

Legislation and judicial systems supported the development of ___, ___, and ___, which extended and enlarged markets and helped foster ___.

roads, canals, railroads, regional interdependence

Transportation networks linked the ___ and ___ more closely than they linked regions in the ___.

north, midwest, south

Increasing Southern cotton production and the related growth of Northern manufacturing, banking, and shipping industries promoted the development of ___ and ___ commercial ties.

national, international

Large numbers of ___ moved to industrializing Northern cities, while many Americans moved ___, developing thriving new communities along the ___ and ___ rivers.

international migrants, west of the appalachians, ohio, mississippi

The growth of manufacturing drove a significant increase in ___ and ___ for some; this led to the emergence of a ___ and a ___, but also to a large and growing population of ___.

prosperity, standards of living, larger middle class, small but wealthy business elite, laboring poor

Increasing numbers of Americans, especially women and men working in factories, no longer relied on ___; instead they supported themselves ___.

semi-subsistence agriculture, producing goods for distant markets

Gender and family roles changed in response to the market revolution, particularly with the growth of definitions of ___ that emphasized the separation of ___ and ___ spheres.

domestic ideals, public, private

Migration

many european immigrants

Nativists

anti-immigrants

Middle Class

valued education, temperance, protestant affiliation

Lowell Factory

brought women to work

Cult of Domesticity

woman are to have babies, raise them, and provide a home for spouse

Transportation Advances

national road, erie canal, steamboat, railroad

Industrial Technology

interchangeable parts, factory system

Agricultural Advances

cotton gin, spinning machine, commercial farming

Treaty of Ghent

left things unclear

War of 1817

andrew jackson sent to stop spanish slave immigrants, onis treaty of 1819

Onis Treaty of 1819

spain sold florida

Missouri Compromise of 1820

missouri becomes slave state, maine becomes a free state

36 30 Line

below is slave, above is free