Edema

__________ refers to the presence of excess fluid in the body tissues mainly in the extracellular fluid compartment but can also involve intracellular fluid accumulation.

Interstitial edema

Interstitial edema refers to the presence of excess fluid in the body tissues mainly in the _________ compartment but can also involve intracellular fluid accumulation.

extracellular fluid

Interstitial edema refers to the presence of excess fluid in the body tissues mainly in the extracellular fluid compartment but can also involve ________ accumulation.

intracellular fluid

The common causes of extracellular edema are _____________.

increased capillary pressure, increased capillary permeability, decreased plasma proteins, and blockage of lymph return

The common causes of extracellular edema are increased capillary pressure, increased capillary permeability, decreased plasma proteins, and blockage of lymph return which can result to factors in decreasing the lymph flow such as an ____________.

increased hydrostatic capillary pressure, decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure, increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure, and increased permeability of the capillaries.

When the right side of the heart is weakened and fails to pump blood to the lungs, causing _________________.

blood to pool in the right atrium, right ventricle, and also in the veins

The pooling of blood in the veins increases the _________.

capillary pressure to more than 17 mmHg

The pooling of blood in the veins increases the capillary pressure to more than 17 mmHg, which also increases its permeability, allowing for _______________, into the interstitium.

increased flow of plasma contents such as blood cells and proteins out of the capillary walls

Normally, the plasma contains more protein than the interstitium and creates a ___________

colloid osmotic pressure of 28 mmHg

Normally, the plasma contains more protein than the interstitium and creates a colloid osmotic pressure of 28 mmHg, but in the case of interstitial edema, there is a shift of the balance of forces and the interstitium now has more proteins than the plasma, ___________

increasing the interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure.

The increased ISCOP will continuously attract fluid from the plasma as more proteins accumulate in the interstitium, increasing the interstitial fluid volume, more than the amount that the lymphatic vessels are able to drain back into the plasma, and eventually causing ________.

interstitial edema

Failure to drain the excess interstitial fluid can also be caused by ____________.

decrease flow or blockage in the lymphatic vessels.

For prevention of edema are making the lymphatic pumps active to increase the lymph flow. _________________

Factors are movement of the parts of the body, contraction of the surrounding skeletal muscle, pulsation of arteries to the adjacent lymphatics, and compression of the tissues by objects outside the body. One of the best examples are doing exercise and wearing compress stockings or socks.