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what was a disadvantage Greece had due to its geography?
Mountains seperated the city-states
What was an advantage Greece had due to its geography
the mediterranean sea helped with trade
What does hellenistic mean
Greek culture being spread to the non-greek world
what type of government was created in Athens Greece?
Democracy
who was Alexander the Great and why was he so “Great”
Brought the Greek culture to areas he conqured (Hellenistic age)
what was the Pax Romana
207 years of peace in Rome
what is the difference between direct and indirect democracy
Direct = citizens directly vote, Indirect= citizens vote on representatives
why did people turn to christianity
gave hope, included everyone (rich/poor), people liked the idea of eternal life.
what was the name given to the eastern half of the Roman Empire?
New Rome/ Byzantine Empire
where was the capitol in New Rome?
Constantiniople
why did western rome collapse
invasion by Germanic tribes, civil war unrest, disruption in trade and economics, inflation, disloyalty, disease, food shortages
What form of government was created by the Rmans
Republics - people rule through representatives
Name a philosepher we have talked about
scrates, Plato, Aristotle
Name one thing we have gotten from ancient greece
music, philosophy, architecture, olympics, drama, democracy
did women have the right to vote in ROme?
no, but they had some rights
who was Justinian
Emperor of the Byzantine empire
what was the justinian code
law code in the Byzantine Empire
What type of government was practiced by Sparta in Greece?
Oligarchy
what 2 groups did the christian church divide into?
Roman Catholic and eastern orthodox
who was king philip II
from Greek Macedonia and built it on Diplomacy and strength, defeated Thebans and Athenians which made him undisputed. His son ALexander took over after his death
who was Alexander
son of king philip II, led his Macedonian Army into battle against the Persian Empire
what was the name of the Hybrid culture that Alexander brought to the newly conquered territories
hellinism
What was the dominant force in the Dark ages?
the byzantine empire
what did Constantine (emporer of Byzantium) achieve
reunite the Roman empire, made christianity main religion of rome
what is the name f COnstantine’s city today (w/ pop. of 12 million)?
Istanbul, lies in Turkey
How long were the aquducts that were built to supply constantines city?
400 mileis
Who did Rome fall to in 420 AD?
Fell to the German tribes called Visigoths, Rome fled eastward to the safe heaven of constantinople
What happened when Attila tried to take Constantinople?
an earthquake
Did the Huns ever break through the city walls?
they never breached city walls.
what was the giant chain used for?
protection from invaders
Was justinian popular?
no
describe the Hippodrome
Center of Constantinople’s public life. It was shaped as a U. Stadium for chariot races, modeled after Romes circus Maximus. could hold 100,000 ppl
what did Justinian rebuild that gave him a great architectural legacy?
rebuilt the main cathedral called the “Church of Holy Wisdom. Today called the Hagia Sophia.
what was the Hagia Sophia
Church that includes amazing arches, columns and the largest dome at the time. The church was considered the greatest architectural achievements for Justinian
What group of people conquered the Mesopotamian civilization?
Persians
who fought in the Persian war
Greeks and Persians
What did the Greeks give us?
democracy, philosophy, and music
Was the Greek Empire made up of city-states?
yes
Which city-state became the “capital” of Greece?
Athens
Who fought in the Pelopennesian Wars?
Spartans and Athenians