History U2

what was a disadvantage Greece had due to its geography?

Mountains seperated the city-states

What was an advantage Greece had due to its geography

the mediterranean sea helped with trade

What does hellenistic mean

Greek culture being spread to the non-greek world

what type of government was created in Athens Greece?

Democracy

who was Alexander the Great and why was he so “Great”

Brought the Greek culture to areas he conqured (Hellenistic age)

what was the Pax Romana

207 years of peace in Rome

what is the difference between direct and indirect democracy

Direct = citizens directly vote, Indirect= citizens vote on representatives

why did people turn to christianity

gave hope, included everyone (rich/poor), people liked the idea of eternal life.

what was the name given to the eastern half of the Roman Empire?

New Rome/ Byzantine Empire

where was the capitol in New Rome?

Constantiniople

why did western rome collapse

invasion by Germanic tribes, civil war unrest, disruption in trade and economics, inflation, disloyalty, disease, food shortages

What form of government was created by the Rmans

Republics - people rule through representatives

Name a philosepher we have talked about

scrates, Plato, Aristotle

Name one thing we have gotten from ancient greece

music, philosophy, architecture, olympics, drama, democracy

did women have the right to vote in ROme?

no, but they had some rights

who was Justinian

Emperor of the Byzantine empire

what was the justinian code

law code in the Byzantine Empire

What type of government was practiced by Sparta in Greece?

Oligarchy

what 2 groups did the christian church divide into?

Roman Catholic and eastern orthodox

who was king philip II

from Greek Macedonia and built it on Diplomacy and strength, defeated Thebans and Athenians which made him undisputed. His son ALexander took over after his death

who was Alexander

son of king philip II, led his Macedonian Army into battle against the Persian Empire

what was the name of the Hybrid culture that Alexander brought to the newly conquered territories

hellinism

What was the dominant force in the Dark ages?

the byzantine empire

what did Constantine (emporer of Byzantium) achieve

reunite the Roman empire, made christianity main religion of rome

what is the name f COnstantine’s city today (w/ pop. of 12 million)?

Istanbul, lies in Turkey

How long were the aquducts that were built to supply constantines city?

400 mileis

Who did Rome fall to in 420 AD?

Fell to the German tribes called Visigoths, Rome fled eastward to the safe heaven of constantinople

What happened when Attila tried to take Constantinople?

an earthquake

Did the Huns ever break through the city walls?

they never breached city walls.

what was the giant chain used for?

protection from invaders

Was justinian popular?

no

describe the Hippodrome

Center of Constantinople’s public life. It was shaped as a U. Stadium for chariot races, modeled after Romes circus Maximus. could hold 100,000 ppl

what did Justinian rebuild that gave him a great architectural legacy?

rebuilt the main cathedral called the “Church of Holy Wisdom. Today called the Hagia Sophia.

what was the Hagia Sophia

Church that includes amazing arches, columns and the largest dome at the time. The church was considered the greatest architectural achievements for Justinian

What group of people conquered the Mesopotamian civilization?

Persians

who fought in the Persian war

Greeks and Persians

What did the Greeks give us?

democracy, philosophy, and music

Was the Greek Empire made up of city-states?

yes

Which city-state became the “capital” of Greece?

Athens

Who fought in the Pelopennesian Wars?

Spartans and Athenians