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Cardiovascular System
The organ system made up of the heart and blood vessels that helps maintain homeostasis.
Blood
The fluid that carries substances to cells, takes away waste from cells, and moves hormones around the body.
Heart
A muscular organ about the size of a fist that pumps blood, sending oxygen-poor blood to the lungs and oxygen-rich blood to the body.
Pericardium
The outer covering of the heart.
Atria
The two upper chambers of the heart.
Ventricles
The two lower chambers of the heart.
Septum
The muscular partition that separates the right and left sides of the heart.
Valves
Structures that stop blood from flowing backwards in the heart and veins.
Aorta
The main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
Superior vena cava
The large vein that carries oxygen-poor blood from the upper body to the heart.
Pulmonary artery
The artery that carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs.
Left atrium
The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.
Right atrium
The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-poor blood from the body.
Inferior vena cava
The large vein that carries oxygen-poor blood from the lower body to the heart.
Left ventricle
The chamber of the heart that pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body.
Right ventricle
The chamber of the heart that pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
Pulmonary circulation
The circulation of blood between the heart and lungs.
Systemic circulation
The circulation of blood between the heart and body systems.
Right Atrioventricular valve (Tricuspid valve)
The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Left Atrioventricular valve (Bicuspid valve or Mitral valve)
The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.
Right Semilunar valve
The valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
Left Semilunar valve (Aortic valve)
The valve between the left ventricle and aorta.
Blood vessels
Hollow tubes through which blood moves.
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
Capillaries
The smallest blood vessels that allow for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes.