AS-2425-lecture3_sensors

Active Sensor

A sensor that emits a signal and measures the interaction with the environment.

Passive Sensor

A sensor that measures physical properties of the environment without direct interaction.

Simple Sensor

A sensor that provides one-dimensional (1D) data that is immediately useful to the robot.

Complex Sensor

A sensor that provides multidimensional data requiring sophisticated processing to be useful.

Exteroception

The perception of the environment, including other agents and possible actions.

Proprioception

The perception of the robot's own state and position.

Photoelectric Effect

The production of a signal when light interacts with a light-sensitive diode.

Odometer

A device used for measuring wheel position and rotations.

Echolocation

A method used by certain animals to locate objects by reflecting sound waves.

LiDAR

A technology that uses laser beams to measure distances and create precise three-dimensional information about the environment.

RGBD

A type of visual sensing that combines red, green, blue color data with depth information.

Sensing Fusion

The integration of information from multiple sensors to improve perception capabilities.

Servo Motor

A device that measures and controls the rotational position, typically containing a rotary encoder.

Accelerometer

A sensor that measures acceleration based on Newton's second law of motion.

Gyroscope

A device that measures angular position using conservation of angular momentum.

Depth Sensing

The ability to estimate the distance of objects relative to the sensor.

Machine Vision

The use of cameras and image processing to enable machines to interpret visual data.

Neural Network Classification

A method in deep learning for categorizing data based on learned features.

Feature Extraction

The process of identifying and extracting useful information from raw data for analysis.

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

A type of deep learning model particularly effective for image processing tasks.

Gesture Recognition

The ability of a machine to interpret human gestures through mathematical algorithms.