Microbiology: Chapter 13

Viruses

Acellular

What are viruses made up of?

Protein and genetic material

Viruses --> Protein

Capsid

Genetic Material of Viruses

DNA or RNA

What do some viruses contain?

Envelopes

How are the viruses categorized?

By their hosts, so their genetic material.

Polymerase

Used to autocorrect mutations

Viral Replication

Lytic or Lysis

Lytic

It is a type of viral replication where the virus enters a host cell, reproduces rapidly, and ultimately causes the cell to burst, releasing new viral particles.

Lysis

The process of a cell bursting due to viral replication, leading to the release of new viral particles.

DNA Viruses

- orthopoxvirus

- herpes simplex virus

- varicellovirus

- papilloma

- ortho hepatoma

Orthopoxvirus

smallpox

Herpes simplex virus

HSV-1 and HSV-2

Varicellovirus

Chickenpox

Pupilloma

HPV warts

Cancer

RNA Viruses

- Enterovirus

- Hepatovirus

- Coronavirus

- Influenza

Enterovirus

Polio

Hepatovirus

Hepatitis A

Coronavirus

Common, severe, acute respiratory symptoms.

Influenza

Flu

Prions

Infectious, proteinaceous particles

Proto-on Cogenes

They promote cell division, which leads to mutations and oncogenes

More info on Proto-onCogenes

They promote cell proliferation, but when mutated or overexpressed, they can become oncogenes, causing uncontrolled cell division and cancer.

Tumor Suppressors

Inhibit cell division

Retroviruses

Have a reverse transcriptase tat changes RNA to DNA