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What was the official Roman language?
Latin
What civilization influenced much of the Roman religion?
Greek
What civilation influenced roman alphabet and architecture?
Etruscans
What is a republic?
Government in which citizens vote for representative to make laws
Patricians - Who were the the Patricians?
Land holding upper-class
Plebeians
Farmers, Merchents, and Artisans & trader no hold or hold offence
Who were the slaves?
Usually prisoners of war
What was roman written law code?
12 tables
What were the responsibilities of the 2 consuls?
supervised government & commanded army’s
How long were consuls elected for?
1 year
What was Roman senate?
300 patricians who voted on laws
What kind of power did a dictator have?
Complete control during war
How long could a dictator be in power?
6 month’s
What is a legion?
A military unit of 5000 men
What 2 responsibilities did Rome demand of its conquers ?
Pay taxes, supply solders
What 3 benefits did Rome bestow on its conquered?
Keep there old customs
Keep Local government
Became Roman citizens
What was the 1st Punic war?
Rome defeated Cathange colonies
Who won the 1st Punic War?
Rome
Who was Hannibal?
Caththaginian General invaded Italy
How long did Hannibal Wage war on Rome?
21 years
Who won the 2nd Punic War
Rome
What is Punic?
Carthage
During the 3rd Punic War, Carthage was no longer a threat, what did Rome do tho Carthage?
Burned Carthage
What did Rome receive as a result of crushing Carthage?
Rome gained control of the entire Mediterranean Sea
What is Imperialism as far Rome is concerned?
Rome set out to conquer new lands looting their riches
What is a Latifundia?
Large estates run by slave labor
What happen when Rome tried to reform?
Failed
Who was Julius Caesar?
Political and military leader
The Senate turned against him. How did Julius Caesar respond?
He conquered Rome
What were 2 example of social reforms Julius Caesar created
Gave poor job and gave public land to poor
What else did Julius Caesar introduce to Rome?
Julian Calendar
What happen March 15th 44BC (Ides March)?
The senate murdered Julius Caesar
Who murdered Julius Caesar?
1 of the 300 senates
What was Julius Caesar nephews name?
Octavian
What did Julius Caesar nephews rename to?
Augustus Caesar
What happen once Augustus Caesar rose to power?
Rome changed from a republic to a Empire
What was Augustus Caesar new title?
First Emperor
Other then complete political power what else did Emperors have control of?
Head of Religion
How did Augustus Caesar prevent the military revolting?
He had the army swore to him
What is Pax Romana, and how long did it last?
Roman peace, 200 years
Who were the bad emperors on Augustus Caesars’ family of rulers?
Tiberius, Caligula, Nero
What did Caliguda do that was bad?
He became increasingly cruel and psychopathic
What did Nero do that was Bad?
He watched the city and was cruel and psychopathic
What emperor increased Rome to greatest size?
Trajan
What emperor strengthen Rome’s defense ?
Hadrian
What emperor brought Rome to its height of prosperity?
Marcus Aurelives
What is Greco-Roman Culture?
Blend of Greek, Hellenistic, and roman Tradition
What’s a Mosaic?
Picture made from chips of stone or glass
What architecture techniques did Rome utilize?
Columns, arches, and domes
Why ddi romans use concreate
It endured time
What is enginering?
Application of science and math to develop useful structures and machines
What is a aquaduct?
bridge-like structure that brought H2O from hills to roman culture.
What were 2 uses of roads?
Originally made for military's
Used for trade
What was the Colosseum used for?
Entertaining Romans (Bread and Circuses)
How many people did the Colosseum seat?
70,000 people
Who did rome borrow most of the science from?
Greece
Who was Greek doctor who made advancements in anatomy?
Gallian
What is Law in rome?
Fair and apply equally to all people, rich to poor
Roman Law is the basis for what modern country ?
The US government
What was 2 military causes of Romes fall?
Germanic Invation’s
Weakened Legions
What were 3 social causes of Romes fall?
Erosion of Roman Values?
Self-serving upper classes
Bread and circuses’ (Basically entertainment)
What were 3 economical causes of Romes fall?
Heavy Taxes of military's and government
Population fell because of war and disease
Middle class disappeared
What were 3 political causes of Romes fall?
Government became more strict
corrupts officials
divided empire
What Roman emperor decided the Empire into 2, East and West, hoping it would be easier to run?
Diocletian
What roman emperor renamed the Eastern capital to Byzantium to Constantinople?
Constantine
Who were 3 Germanic tribes that raided Rome and weaked its empire?
Huns, Visigoths, and Vandals
When was Rome captured?
AD 476
What remaineed 1000 years longer then Rome?
Byzantine Empire