Nihen College Physics 2 Test 1

Absolute Zero

Temperature at which particle motion is at a minimum (0 Kelvin)

Specific Heat

Amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of any substance by 1°C

Q into a substance equals?

Q out of a substance

Latent Heat of Fusion (Lf)

Solid to liquid, liquid to solid (334 J/g)

Latent Heat of Evaporation (Lv)

Vapor, steam (2256 J/g)

At the same temperature, will steam or water burn worse?

Steam, because of Lvapor

3 conditions of an ideal gas

- ideal gas particles have zero volume

- no attractive forces between each other

- have perfectly elastic collisions = no loss of energy/ momentum

Boyle's Law Equation

P1/V1 = P2/V2 @ constant temperature: inversely proportional (as one increases, the other decreases)

Boyle’s Law Graph

Charles' Law Equation

V1/V2 = T1/T2 @ constant pressure: directly proportional (one increases, so does the other)

Charles’ Law Graph

Gay-Lussac's Law Equation

P1/P2 = T1/T2 @ constant volume: directly proportional (as one increases, so does the other)

Gay-Lussac’s Law Graph

Number of moles

"n"

Molar mass

"M" BIG M (g/mol on periodic table)

Mass of gas

"m" little m (grams)

Avogadro's Number

NA = 6.022 * 10^23 particles

Root Mean Square Velocity

Average velocity of gas particles: √(3kT/m) & √(3RT/M)

First Law of Thermodynamics

Change in the internal energy (transitional, rotational, vibrational motion of gas particles) of a system

First Law of Thermodynamics Equation

ΔU = Q - W

Internal Energy

U = (3/2)nRT

Adiabatic Process Equation

@ Q = 0, ΔU = -W

Adiabatic Process Graph

Isobaric Process Equation

ΔU = Q - PΔV

Isobaric Process Graph

Isochoric/Isovolumetric Process Equation

ΔU = Q

Isochoric/Isovolumetric Process Graph

Isothermal Process Equation

Q = W

Isothermal Process Graph