Ancient Greek - AP Art History

Two handled storage jar for holding liquids

Amphora

Two handled storage jar for mixing wine and water

Krater

Pot for fetching water

Hydria

Vessel used for storing oil

Lekythos

Wine pitcher/Jug

Cenochoe

Drinking cup

Kylix

Red/colored surface with black figures

Black-figured

Black surface with red/colored figures

Red-figured

White surface with colored figures

White-ground

Plain, unadorned column capital. Simple circular capitals at the top of columns

Doric (male)

Spiral/Eye like volute

Ionic (female)

Ornate capitals with leaves

Corinthian

Foundation of masonry, visible above the ground. Lower steps

Stereobate

Top step where column rests

Stylobate

Part that connects column to stylobate

Base

Long, narrow, cylindrical part of the column thats connected between capital and base.

Shaft (fluted drums)

Uppermost part of the column

Capital

Above the columns, below the roof. Holds the architrave, frieze, and pediment

Entablature

Lowest part of the entablature

Architrave

Continuous flat band of a relief sculpture or painting

Frieze

Decorative feature with no structural purpose

Triglyph

Space between triglyphs

Metope

Crown of the entablature

Cornice

Triangular section of temple for sculptures

Pediment

Inner sanctuary of a temple were sacred objects and/or statue was kept

Cella (naos)

Outerpart of an ancient temple in front of the cella

Pro-naos (porch)

Row of columns to support roof

Colonnade (peristyle)

Swelling in shaft of column

Entasis

Leaf carvings in Corinthian order

Acanthus Leave

Female/Male statue replacements of columns

Caryatid/atlantid

Statue of female/male used to mark graves

Kore/Kouros

Natural curvature of the body/Natural movement

Contrapposto

Circular building

Tholos

Usually on women sculptures, drapery clinging to the body looking “wet”

Wet drapery

Great hall in Greek and Mycenean palaces

Megaron

Large, made of stone to enshrine the remains of a dead influential person

Mausoleum

Clay earthenware

Terracotta

Megalithic tomb with one or multiple burial chambers covered in earth or stone

Passage grave

Round, dome like tomb. Mycenaean (Tholos)

Beehive tomb

Construction of walls using block/stone without mortar. “ Cyclops must’ve made this”

Cyclopean

Theater built outdoors without roof

Open-air theater

Large instrumental band

Orchestra

Frame separating stage from auditorium

Proscenium

Greek stronghold on rocky, elevated ground. Usually referred to Acropolis of Athens

Acropolis

Public open space used for markets

Agora

Building with columns in front and back but none on the sides

Amphiprostyle

Goddess of war

Athena

Set of rules developed by Polykleitos, aimed to establish ideal proportions for humans in art

Canon

Race of strength and agression

Gigantomachy

In the original plac

In Situ

Heads are the same height from the ground

Isocephalism

Furnace used to fire pottery

Kiln

Artwork arranged with small colorful glass, stone, or other materials into a pattern

Mosaic

Goddess of victory, on southwestern edge of the Acropolis

Nike

Bragged about being fertile and bragged about being better than Leto, mother of Apollo and Artemis. Apollo and Artemis killed her children

Niobe

Road leading up from Athens to Acropolis

Panathenaic Way

Garment worn by Greek women

Peplos

A colonnade surronding a building or courtyard

Peristyle

Usually attached for purposes as a porch, structure with roof. Porch with roof

Portico

Gateway leading to greek temple

Propylaeum

Covered walkway or colonnade usually open to the public

Stoa

Greek sky and thunder god

Zeus