AP Biology- Water and Carbon Macromolecules

Carbohydrates

Ratio of 1 Carbon:2 Hydrogen:1 Oxygen

Polar

Lipids

Made of a lot of Carbon, a lot of Hydrogen, less Oxygen

Nonpolar

Nucleic Acids

Made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous

Proteins

Made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

Carbohydrates- Monomers

Monosaccharides (most commonly glucose, fructose, or galactose

Carbohydrates- Polymers

Polysaccharides

Starch

A carbohydrate, plants quick store of energy (linear glucose)

Glycogen

A carbohydrate, animal quick store of energy inside the muscle (branded glucose)

Cellulose (fiber)

A carbohydrate, for structure in plants (cell walls), hard to break down

Chitin

A carbohydrate, structure in fungi and exoskeletons (also contains Nitrogen)