Amino Acids

7 - Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, isoleucine, methionine, proline

Nonpolar Uncharged

5 - serine, cystine, threonine, asparagine, glutamine

polar uncharged

3 - phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan

aromatic

5 - (+) lysine, arginine, histidine

(-) aspartate, glutamate

Charged

3 - (+) lysine, arginine, histidine

positively charged

2 - (-) aspartate, glutamate

negatively charged

Glycine

Which amino acid is this?

Alanine

Which amino acid is this?

Valine

Which amino acid is this?

Leucine

Which amino acid is this?

Isoleucine

Which amino acid is this?

Proline

Which amino acid is this?

Methionine

Which amino acid is this?

serine

Which amino acid is this?

cystine

Which amino acid is this?

threonine

Which amino acid is this?

asparagine

Which amino acid is this?

glutamine

Which amino acid is this?

phenylalanine

Which amino acid is this?

tyrosine

Which amino acid is this?

tryptophan

Which amino acid is this?

lysine

Which amino acid is this?

arginine

Which amino acid is this?

histidine

Which amino acid is this?

aspartate

Which amino acid is this?

glutamate

Which amino acid is this?

glycine

simplest AA, achiral because 2 H substituents, least steric hindrance, nonpolar/uncharged

alanine

second simplest AA, R group is simply a methyl group, nonpolar/uncharged

valine

R group is a like a V of methyls (isopropyl), nonpolar/uncharged

Leucine

R group is a like Valine w/ a V of methyls but has an additinal carbon before the V splits, nonpolar/uncharged

isoleucine

structural isomer of leucine - the first carbon in the R group branches to have one methyl attached, and one ethyl attached, and one H attached, nonpolar/uncharged

proline

R group has three carbons that form a ring and bond w/ the nitrogen group of AA, nonpolar/uncharged, cyclic w/ no aromaticity

methionine

R group has 2 carbons sulfur carbon (ends w/ thioether), considered "nonpolar"/uncharged

serine

R group has two carbons and ends w/ an alcohol, polar/uncharged

[similar to cystine but w/ oxygen instead of sulfur]

cystine

R group has two carbons and ends w/ an thiol, polar/uncharged, form disulfide bonds

[similar to serine but w/ sulfur instead of oxygen]

threonine

R group has on additional carbon w/ two branches, a methyl and an alcohol, polar/uncharged

asparagine

R has one carbon and then a carbamate, polar/uncharged

glutamine

R group has two carbons and then a carbamate, polar uncharged

phenylalanine

R group has one carbon and than a phenyl ring, aromatic nonpolar/uncharged

[similar to tyrosine except w/out an OH on ring]

tyrosine

R group has one carbon and than a benzene ring, aromatic polar/uncharged

[similar to phenylalanine except w/ an OH on ring]

tryptophan

unusual R group, has two conjoined rings. First ring has a CC double bond then bonded to a nitrogen that connects to another carbon in a 5 membered ring. A 6 membered phenyl ring is a attached to this ring. nonpolar/uncharged aromatic

lysine

R group w/ a chain of four carbons ending w/ a positively charged ammonium subsituent

arginine

R group w/ a chain of 3 carbons - nitrogen - carbon w/ two nitrogen attached, one nitrogen is positively charged (ammonium ion) substituent

histidine

R group has a carbon and then a 5 membered ring w/ two nitrogens. (carbon-nitrogen-carbon-nitrogen-carbon.)

aspartate

R group has one carbon and a negatively carboxylate anion

glutamate

R group has two carbons and a negatively carboxylate anion

aspartate has one carbon and then carboxylate anion, and glutamate has two carbons and then carboxylate anion

names and differences between 2 AAs with carboxylate anion

tyrosine has an alcohol substituent on the aromatic ring and phenylalanine does not

two aromatic amino acids w/ one substituent difference

asparagine and glutamine both have R groups w/ terminal carbamates but glutamine has one more carbon in chain first (1 carbon prior to carbamate vs 2 carbons prior to carbamate)

two AAs w/ carbamates, how are the different

after first carbon, serine has an alcohol and cystine has a thiol

two amino acids who differ only w/ alcohol vs thiol substituent in R group

Isoleucine (Ile), Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Gln), Tryptophan (Trp)

What AAs unusual three letter codes

Phenylalanine (F), Tyrosine (Y), Tryptophan (W), Asparagine (N), Glutamine (Q), Lysine (K), Arginine (R), Aspartate (D), Glutamate (E)

unusual one letter codes

Isoleucine

Ile

Asparagine

Asn

Glutamine

Gln

Tryptophan

Trp

Phenylalanine

F

Tyrosine

Y

Tryptophan

W

Asparagine

N

Glutamine

Q

Lysine

K

Arginine

R

Aspartate

D

Glutamate

E

F

Phenylalanine (one letter)

Y

Tyrosine (one letter)

W

Tryptophan (one letter)

N

Asparagine

Q

Glutamine

K

Lysine

R

Arginine

D

Aspartate

E

Glutamate