History: Imperialism

Rudyard Kipling

He was a British Man who wrote the poem called a “The White Man’s Burden”

Average thoughts on imperialism at the time.

Commander Perry

US Navy representing the president

• Delivered the Japanese a letter

• In the letter, he says that the US wishes to trade with Japan

• Recounts the problems China faced when they didn’t want to trade with Europe:

  • Opium, War, Weak government

  • Says Japan shouldn’t meet the same fate

• Threatens Japan to trade with US

Chief Kabongo

Was chief of the Kikuyu tribe in Kenya and he displayed how imperialism slowly took over places in Africa with the story called “the coming of the pink cheeks.

Primary source of imperialism

King Leopold II

Ruler of the Belgium throne, inflicted great torture onto the people of the congo, lied to everyone about what was actually happening so he could continue the suffering he inflicted.

Cecil Rhodes

He wrote “Confession of Faith” thought of the British as the best and most advanced people

He was on the radical end of imperialist who thought their countries should take over the world.

George Orwell

Was a subofficer in Burma and journaled his time there and hated imperialism and working for the British. He wrote “Shooting an elephant” which displayed how the harsh relationship between the Burmese people and the British Officers.

Was a modern example of peoples thoughts on Imperialism as he experienced it first-hand and was against Imperialism.

White Man’s Burden

Moral obligation to help those who are not white - Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem about this

Cash Crop

A farming crop sold for profit -  You sell it and get money for food instead of directly getting food

East India Company

• Started in 1600 

• Joint stock co

• Imported things like spices, cotton, indigo from India

• instituted systems of trade, government, and intellectual exchange that ultimately proved detrimental to India and China.

Direct Rule

The government ran by officials of the controlling country

Indirect Rule

Colony is still ruled by the natives, but it is watched over and still in control of the ruling country

Colony

A country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country

Annex

Add somethings - an addition to

Sphere of Influence

Exclusive rights over something (can be religious) (can be about land)

Taxes

A required contribution to state revenue, by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions

Belgian Congo

Place that was ruled under the King Leopold II - harsh and brutal - eventually become an independent state

Competition

A want for the same thing (example: a colony)

Natural Resources

High demand, imperialism likely started in places for a want for these

Trade

The act or process of buying, selling, or exchanging items within a country or between countries

Open Door Policy

Attempt that was made so trading with China was equal - every country wanted to trade with China because of their advancements

Imports

Goods or services that is brought into a country that was produced in another country

Exports

Goods or services that are produced in a country and sold to another country

Berlin Conference

• A meeting of 14 nations to establish the ground rules of colonization in Africa, discuss territorial disputes, negotiate questions and end confusion over the control of the African continent

• Included representatives from the United States and such European nations as Britain, France, and Germany

• The goal of the conference was to negotiate and create a process for the partition of Africa into European colonies or spheres of influence

When did the Berlin Conference occur

1884

What did France want at the Berlin Conference?

To expand its control into western Africa

What did Britain want at the Berlin Conference?

To connect its holdings from the south of Africa to Cairo in Egypt.

What did Belgium want at the Berlin Conference?

To access the mineral and rubber resources of the interior tropical rainforest in the Congo River Basin, and were interested in the Ivory Trade

What did Germany want at the Berlin Conference?

Interested in maintaining control of these areas as well as expanding to Africa’s western coast

What nation was the most successful at the Berlin Conference?

France because they expanded their territory into Western Africa.

Annexation of Philippines

The US paid Spain to get the Philippines

Sepoy Rebellion

A failed rebellion against the rule of the British East India Company in India. Led to end of British East India Company

Spanish-American War

The war led to the United States emerging predominant in the Caribbean region, and resulted in U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. It also led to United States involvement in the Philippine Revolution and later to the Philippine–American War

The United States succeeded in seizing territory from another empire, but also because it caused the global community to recognize that the United States was a formidable military power

Opium War

The Chinese government respond to the British opium trade by trying to get rid of the drug, which led to _____. The British won the _____ because it brought more trade and profit to them

Treaty of Nanking

Treaty that ended the first Opium War, the first of the unequal treaties between China and foreign imperialist powers.

This treaty gave Hong Kong Island to Britain, allowed for free British trade with any merchants in China, and forced China to pay damages for the destroyed opium

Boxer Rebellion

An uprising against foreigners that occurred in China about 1900, begun by peasants but eventually supported by the government. A Chinese secret society known as the Boxers embarked on a violent campaign to drive all foreigners from China

Meiji Restoration

A change to a modern society influenced by Western institutions - Japan

Modernization, Westernization, Industrialization, Militarization, Urbanization

Industrial Revolution

• Automated factories

• Increase in the mass production of goods

  • Cloth(Textile)

  • Iron

  • Cosl

• End of “Craftsmen” and guilds

• Change in notions of time and people now care what hour it is

• New transportation like trains and steamships

•  Big machine inventions

  • Spinning Jenny

    • Created thread

  • Power loom

    • Weaves and flips

    • Lowell , Mass

  • Steam Boat

  • Tellegraph

What was the effects on Imperialism of the Industrial Revolution?

• Europe is producing so many goods, they are making more than Europeans can buy

• Producing so much, they have used up all local resources, and needs more

  • Where can European industrialists get more resources?

    • colonies

• Expanding empires both to meet demand for natural resources- Europe produces more goods-Expand empires to make sure more people across the world buy those goods

  • Force colonies to buy their stuff

What type of rule was the French in Haiti?

Direct Rule

What type of rule was the Belgium in the Congo?

Direct Rule

What type of rule was the British in Kenya?

Indirect Rule

What type of rule was the British in India?

Indirect Rule

What type of rule was in China?

Indirect Rule

What type of rule was in Japan?

Indirect Rule