postwar changes flashcards

Litigation

bringing an issue to the court system

Hernandez v. Texas

Supreme Court Case which declared that there was a difference between race and ethnicity and so guaranteed that Hispanics were protected under the 14th Amendment

Boycott

refusal to buy a good or use a service until the law/treatment of workers changes

Rock and Roll

created a generation gap and helped to integrate audiences

14th Amendment

guarantees citizenship, equal protection, and due process

Little Rock Nine

after Brown v. Board of Education, Governor Faubus refused to allow Nine African American students in Central High School; showed that the federal government would force integration

15th Amendment

guarantees the right to vote to all citizens regardless of race

Endangered Species Act

created to protect species threatened by extinction

Montgomery Bus Boycott

began when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man; the bus boycott lasted for eleven months

Feminine Mystique

book written by Betty Friedan, which encouraged women to seek their own opportunities (work outside the home)

Civil Rights Act of 1964

outlawed discrimination in public places, such as, schools, employment, hotels, restaurants, housing, and theaters

Martin Luther King, Jr.

civil rights activist, who preached civil disobedience, led the Montgomery Bus Boycott, gave the I Have a Dream Speech, and wrote Letter from a Birmingham Jail

Freedom Riders

African American and Whites traveled around the south testing the law desegregating interstate buses and helped to desegregate lunch counters

American Indian Movement

created to fight for the rights of Native Americans; included organizing the Occupation of Alcatraz, Mount Rushmore, and Wounded Knee, and the March on Washington

United Farm Workers

co-founded by Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta to fight for better working conditions for migrant workers

Lobby

person/people try to influence government officials to pass laws to support their special interests

Black Panthers

civil rights activists, who preached self-reliance and violent resistance

Rosa Parks

civil rights activist, who non-violent actions led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white man

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

created to protect natural resources; Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act were passed in response

Voting Rights Act of 1965

outlawed literacy tests as a qualification for voting

Baby Boom

increased the population of the United States and led to economic development from increased consumption (more schools, houses, and consumer products)

Suburb

residential community surrounding a city; people started to migrate to during the 1950s and 1960s as cars became more affordable and the Interstate Highway system was created

Great Society

President Johnson’s plan to increase economic equality across the nation; started with the Economic Opportunity Act

Medicare and Medicaid

provides health insurance for people who are retired, disabled, or in low-income situations

Interstate Highway Act

created the interstate highway system, which increased mobility and linked the country

I Have a Dream

I Have a Dream – speech given by Martin Luther King, Jr. during the March on Washington; afterwards we see an increase in civil rights legislation being passed

Brown v. Board of Education

Supreme Court Case which declared that segregation was unconstitutional; led to the desegregation/integration of schools across the country

Betty Friedan

civil rights activist, who fought for women’s rights; wrote the Feminine Mystique and co-founded the National Organization of Women

G.I. Bill of Rights
(Servicemen’s Re-Adjustment Act)

helped veterans to receive a college education and buy a house

24th Amendment

outlawed poll taxes as a requirement for voting

13th Amendment

abolished slavery

Cesar Chavez

civil rights activists, who co-founded the United Farm Workers, fought for the rights of migrant workers, and helped to organize national grape and lettuce boycotts

March on Washington

led by civil rights leaders, over 200,000 African Americans and Whites spent the day in song, prayer, and listening to speeches

Plessey v. Ferguson

Supreme Court Case created the “separate but equal” clause, which legalized segregation

National Organization for Women

an organization founded in 1966 to advocate for women's rights, including equality in education, employment, and reproductive rights

Vagus Nerve: Controls digestion and heart rate- medulla oblongata, extends into the thorax and abdomen/ both

Accessory Nerve: Shoulders, neck, and head muscle movement- medulla oblongata and spinal cord/ motor

Hypoglossal Nerve: Tongue movement- medulla oblongata/ motor