Exam 2 - calcitonin and parathyroid

what cells make calcitonin

parafollicular/C cells

what kind of hormone is calcitonin

polypeptide

why does calcitonin get released

rise in blood calcium

what is function of calcitonin

decrease calcium and phosphate levels in blood

how does calcitonin lower calcium in the plasma

inhibits osteoclasts

increases osteoblast

decrease calcium absorption in intestines

increase calcium loss in urine

what is the mechanism of action for calcitonin

adenylyl cyclase

what patients use calcitonin as a treatment

osteoporosis

paget's disease

abnormal bone remodeling and bone growth due to abnormal breakdown and fast remodeling is what disease

paget's

osteitis deformans

what are some symptoms of paget's disease

hat not fitting anymore due to increased head size

fractures, curvature of spine

what will appear high on a blood test in someone who has Paget's disease

alkaline phosphate

if someone needs medication to slow the breakdown of bone in Paget's Disease, what will they be given

bisphosphates or calcitonin

what is AKA of parathyroid hormone

parathormone (PTH)

what kind of hormone is PTH

polypeptide

what is the number one cell that makes parathyroid hormone

chief cell

what is the function of PTH

increase calcium levels in blood/plasma

PTH has a direct effect on what parts of the body to cause increase calcium levels

bones and kidney

what affect does PTH have on bones

increases osteoclast (destruction)

decrease osteoblast

what affect does PTH have on kidney

inhibits phosphate reabsorption

decrease calcium loss in urine

the production of what vitamin is increased due to PTH stimulating the kidney

vit d

because of the increase in Vitamin D production caused by PTH, there is an indirect affect on what part of the body to increase calcium in the blood

intestines

more absorption from food

what is mechanism of action for PTH

adenylyl cyclase

where are receptors for PTH located in the kidney

proximal and distal convoluted tubules

if there are high levels of PTH, the kidney will cause inhibition of what due to the proximal convoluted tubule receptor

phosphate reabsorption (PCT)

- phosphate lost in urine

if there are high levels of PTH, the kidney will cause stimulation of what due to the distal convoluted tubule receptors

calcium reabsorption (DCT)

t/f

parathyroid carcinoma is an extremely common endocrine malignancy

false, rare

describe the levels of PTH and Calcium in primary hyperparathyroidism

high pth/high calcium

describe the levels of PTH and Calcium in secondary hyperparathyroidism

high PTH/low calcium

describe the levels of PTH and Calcium in hypoparathyroidism

low PTH/low calcium