Earthquakes Quiz 9th Grade Science

What earthquakes cause the most damage

Shallow, surface waves

What is stress

The force acting on crustal rocks that causes rocks to be deformed

What are the three types of stress

Compression, Tension, and Shear

What is strain

deformation of material in response to stress

Elastic deformation

Low strength strain where rock returns to original state after

Plastic deformation

Strain that produces permanent damage on rock

What is the focus

The place where the earthquake starts deep underground

What is the epicenter

Where surface waves start above the focus

What are P-waves

fastest waves that move by compressing and expanding the rock in the same direction the waves are travailing

What are S-waves

slower waves that move up and down in the opposite direction the wave is moving

what are surface waves

slowest waves that move up, down, and side to side. also the most destructive

What can P-waves travel through

solid and liquid

What can S-waves travel through

solid only

what can surface waves travel through

solid only