some stuff to remember for ap psych test tomorrow

Cognitive dissonance

discomfort people experience when their beliefs, values, or actions contradict each other

drive reduction

experience a physiological or psychological need, such as reducing hunger or boredom, they feel a drive to satisfy that need.

effortful processing

the intentional and controlled processing of information, requiring conscious attention and mental effort

latent learning

a form of learning that is not immediately expressed in an overt response

spontaneous recovery

when a behavior recovers unexpectedly after a period of extinction or lessening of the behavior when the stimulus is present

retroactive interference

new info interferes with old info

Weber’s Law

explains how we perceive changes in stimuli like weight or sound

interposition

one object overlapping another is perceived as closer, and the obscured object is perceived as farther away.

figure ground

the way we perceive objects and their backgrounds in visual scenes

Convergence

the process of different sensory inputs coming together to create a unified perception of the world

Gestalt

processing of entire patterns and configurations, and not merely individual components

top down processing

processing of entire patterns and configurations, and not merely individual components

closure

describes our tendency to perceive incomplete shapes or forms as complete

Inattentional blindness

where individuals fail to notice unexpected objects or events within their field of view, even when those objects or events are clearly visible, because their attention is focused elsewhere

NREM

Deep sleep, final stage, body restoration