Cholinergic Antagonists

atropine

A tertiary amine and is the prototype for all
antimuscarinic drugs.

atropine

• Used as a preanesthetic agent to reduce salivary and
respiratory secretions.

atropine

• Used in ophthalmology to produce cycloplegia and
mydriasis.

atropine

• Used to treat renal and biliary colic when combined
with opioids.

atropine

Used to counter anti-ChE overdose or toxicity.

atropine

• Useful in treating mushroom toxicity if muscarine is
the toxic agent.

atropine

• Use with caution in ruminants.

atropine

• DO NOT USE in rabbits and horses.

N-butylscopolammonium

a.k.a. hyoscine butylbromide, a quaternary ammonium
compound that is derived from scopolamine that
resembles atropine.

N-butylscopolammonium

• Used in horses for treating colic associated with
spasmodic colic, flatulent colic, & simple impactions.

N-butylscopolammonium

• Shorter acting than atropine; only labeled for a single
(one-time) dose IV.

Propantheline

A synthetic quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic
agent.

Propantheline

• Used for its antispasmodic/antisecretory effects in the
treatment of diarrhea, hyperreflexic detrusor or urge
urinary incontinence, and bradycardia in small animals.

Propantheline

• Used intravenously to reduce colonic peristalsis and for
relaxing the rectum to allow easier rectal examination
and surgery in horses.

Glycopyrrolate

A synthetic quaternary ammonium that is 4x more
potent than atropine and has longer DOA.

Glycopyrrolate

Used as a preanesthetic agent for the same effects as
atropine and is more suitable for C-sections.

Glycopyrrolate

Can be used in patients with CNS trauma or disease but
it cannot induce mydriasis.

Glycopyrrolate

• Used to treat sinus bradycardia, S-A arrest, and
incomplete A-V block.

Aminopentamide

Used in the treatment of acute abdominal visceral
spasm, pylorospasm or hypertrophic gastritis and
associated nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea in dogs
and cats.