Protocol
A set of rules that allows two devices to communicate
Firewall
Hardware and/or software used within a network to prevent unauthorised users from gaining access to a computer system
Algorithm
A sequence of steps designed to perform a particular task
Variable
A location in memory that stores a value that can change as the program runs
Mathematical operator: MOD
A standard operator used to carry out integer division which outputs the remainder left over.
Example: 10 MOD 3 = 1
Binary Shift
Allows you to easily divide and multiply base-2 binary numbers
Left shift = x2
Right shift = /2
Sampling rate
The number of samples of an analogue wave taken in a second, measured in Hz or kHz. Samples are taken at regular intervals.
A common sample rate is 44.1 kHz - 44100 samples per second = CD quality
Compression
The process of reducing the size of a file
Database
A structured set of data stored in one or more tables that are easy to search and update
Primary key
A field that uniquely identifies a record in a table