AP Psych - Unit 3: Development and Learning | EBQ Terms to Study

Zone of proximal development

The space between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with a more knowledgeable mentor or peer

Erikson’s theory

Each stage of life has its own psychosocial task

1. Trust vs Mistrust

2. Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

3. Initiative vs Guilt

4. Competence vs Inferiority

5. Identity vs Role Confusion

6. Intimacy vs Isolation

7. Generativity vs Stagnation

8. Integrity vs Despair

Secure attachment

Playing happily, comfortably, and independently in front of a caregiver

Distressed at the absence of a caregiver, but then happy when the caregiver returns

Insecure attachment

Anxious and avoidant

Unlikely to explore their environment, more likely to be clingy

Distressed at the absence of a caregiver and upset or indifferent at their return

Critical period

A time during someone’s development in which a particular skill or characteristic is most readily acquirable, however if the skill or characteristic is not learned during this period it may be impossible to learn it later on