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relationship formation
the process in which two individuals establish a connection with each other that can potentially lead to a romantic or intimate relationship
evolutionary explanation
the idea that humans have evolved to engage in behaviours that increase their chances of survival and reproduction
mesolimbic dopamine reward pathway
a neural pathway that plays a crucial role in the regulation of reward and motivation in the brain. ventral tegmental area (VTA) and caudate nucleus. release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure, motivation, and reward
hormones
chemical messengers that play a key role in regulating various physiological and behavioural processes in the body, including social behaviour and emotions
major histocompatibility genes
a set of genes that code for proteins on the surface of cells
Gottman’s four horsemen
negative communication patterns that can lead to relationship conflict and breakdown
Gottman’s four horsemen - criticsm
involves attacking a partner's personality or character, rather than focusing on specific behaviours or actions
Gottman’s four horsemen - contempt
involves expressing disrespect, disgust, or disdain for a partner, can be in the form of sarcasm, name-calling, and insults
Gottman’s four horsemen - defensiveness
involves reacting to criticism or perceived attack with a defensive response, can be in the form of making excuses, denying responsibility, or counterattacking
Gottman’s four horsemen - stonewalling
involves withdrawing from a conversation or interaction and refusing to engage with a partner, can be in the form of avoiding eye contact, giving monosyllabic responses, or physically leaving the room
