WHAP vocal 5

Filial Piety

Children must respect and care for parents and elders.

Abbasid Caliphate

A major Muslim empire that later became weak and Mongol take over.

Sufism

A peaceful, spiritual form of Islam focused on love for God.

Delhi Sultanate

A Muslim government in India.

Human Sacrifice

Killing people for religious reasons, particularly among Aztec and Maya cultures.

Tenochtitlan

Aztec capital city built on water (now Mexico City).

Timbuktu

Famous city in Mali with schools and libraries.

Ibn Battuta

Muslim traveler who visited many places and wrote about them.

Camel Caravans

Groups traveling across the desert with camels carrying goods.

Manorialism

A small village system where the lord owns everything.

Kashgar/Samarkand

Important cities for trade in Central Asia.

Caravanserai

Rest stops where traders could sleep and get food.

Porcelain

Fine pottery, mostly made in China and traded globally.

Khanates

The Mongol Empire was divided into four regions ruled by Genghis's heirs.

Ming Admiral Zheng He

A Chinese sailor who explored and traded with many countries.

Diaspora

Groups of people living in different places, such as Muslim traders in Africa.

Chinampas

Floating gardens used by the Aztecs for farming on the lake.

Cuzco

The capital city of the Inca Empire, located in the Andes Mountains.

Atahualpa

The last Incan emperor, captured by the Spanish.

Sun Temple

A temple dedicated to the sun god, the most important god in Inca religion.

Sakoku

A policy of isolation, where Japan closed itself off from the outside world for over 200 years.

1453

The year the Ottomans conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul).

Istanbul

The capital city of the Ottoman Empire, formerly Constantinople.

Devshirme

A system where Christian boys were taken and trained as soldiers or administrators for the empire.

Janissaries

Elite soldiers in the Ottoman army, many of whom were part of the devshirme system.

Millet System

A system that allowed different religious groups in the Ottoman Empire to govern themselves.

Divine Faith

A religion created by Akbar that combined elements of Hinduism, Islam, and other religions.

Sikhism

A religion that developed in the Mughal Empire, blending elements of Hinduism and Islam.

Marathas

A group that resisted Mughal rule and later helped end the empire’s power.

Versailles

A palace in France that represented the power of the French monarchy.

Protestant Reformation

A movement that split the Catholic Church, leading to the creation of Protestant churches.

Scientific Revolution

A period of new scientific discoveries that changed how people viewed the world, with thinkers like Galileo and Newton.

Mehmet II

Ottoman sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.

Martin Luther

A key figure in the Protestant Reformation, who challenged the Catholic Church.

Suleiman I

A powerful Ottoman sultan, known for his law reforms and military success.

Akbar I

Mughal emperor known for his religious tolerance and centralization of power.

Kangxi

A Qing emperor who ruled during a period of stability and expansion.

Caravel

A fast, small ship used for long sea trips.

Fluyts

Dutch ships for carrying goods easily.

Astrolabe

A tool for measuring stars to help sailors find their way.

Lateen Sails

Triangular sails that let ships sail even against the wind.

Encomiendas

The Spanish were given land and forced Native people to work.

Castas

A social system in Spanish colonies based on race and family background.

Our Lady of Guadalupe

A religious image in Mexico combining Catholic and local beliefs.

Vodun

A mix of African traditions and Christianity in the Caribbean.

Potosi

A silver mining city in the Andes that made Spain rich.

Joint Stock Company

Investors put money together to fund sea voyages and share the profits or losses.

Dutch East India Company (VOC)

A Dutch company that controlled trade in Asia.

British East India Company

A British company that controlled trade in India and Asia.

Spice Trade

Trade of valuable spices, like nutmeg and pepper, mostly from Asia.

Cossacks

Russian peasants who fought against the government for freedom.

Marathas

A group in India that fought against the Mughal Empire.

Revolts from the Enslaved

Enslaved people in the Americas fought back for their freedom, led by Queen Nanny.

Tokugawa Ieyasu

The leader who unified Japan and ended civil wars.

Creoles/Peninsulares

People born in the Americas (Creoles) vs. people born in Spain (Peninsulares), both in Spanish colonies.

Timars-Boyars-Gentry vs. Monarchs

Different social classes in the Ottoman Empire, Russia, and Europe, where nobles challenged kings.

Queen Nanny

A leader of escaped enslaved people in Jamaica, fighting for freedom.

Queen Elizabeth I

Led a golden age of Britain.

Suffrage

The right to vote in elections.

Feminism

The movement for women's rights and equality.

Abolition

The movement to end slavery.

Liberalism

Belief in freedom, equality, and democratic government.

Jamaica Letter

A letter written by Simon Bolivar calling for unity in Latin America.

Trans-Siberian Railroad

A railroad that connected Russia from east to west, helping with industrialization.

2nd Industrial Revolution

A second wave of industrial growth with new technologies like electricity.

Cotton in Egypt

Egypt’s economy became focused on cotton farming for export.

Self-Strengthening Movement

China’s attempt to modernize and strengthen itself in the 1800s.

Tanzimat Reforms

Reforms in the Ottoman Empire to modernize and strengthen the state.

Trans-National Businesses

Companies that operate in multiple countries (like HSBC and Unilever).

Stock Markets

Places where people buy and sell shares of companies.

Industrial Society - Middle and Working Class

Society divided into the wealthy middle class and poor working class.

Social Darwinism

The belief that some races or nations are naturally superior to others.

Civilizing Mission

The belief that imperialism would bring progress and culture to 'backward' societies.

Religious Conversion

Many imperial powers believed they needed to spread Christianity to other parts of the world.

Non-state to State Control

The transition from being ruled by local leaders to centralized government control.

Growth of US and Japanese Empires

The US and Japan expanded their territories by conquering lands, like the Philippines and Korea.

Settler Colony

Colonies where people from the imperial country moved in and took over land.

Congo

King Leopold II of Belgium exploited the Congo, causing immense suffering to its people.

Yaa Asantewaa

A queen of the Ashanti people who fought against British colonization in West Africa.

Xhosa Cattle Killing

A movement where the Xhosa people killed their cattle, hoping it would drive out the British. It led to disaster instead.

Coerced Labor

Many people were forced to migrate for work, such as slaves or indentured servants.

Ethnic Enclaves

Groups of people from the same ethnic background who settled together in new areas.

Receiving Societies

The countries or regions where migrants settled, often dealing with social and cultural challenges.

White Australia Policy

Australia's policy of limiting immigration to white Europeans and excluding non-Europeans.

Militarism

Countries built strong armies, which made war more likely.

Alliances

Countries made agreements to help each other, which made the war bigger.

Stock Market Crash

In 1929, the stock market crashed, causing many countries to go into economic trouble.

Great Depression

A period where many people lost jobs and struggled to get by.

New Deal

The US government helped people recover from the Great Depression.

Five Year Plans

Stalin made plans to rapidly grow the Soviet Union’s economy.

League of Nations

An international group set up after WWI to keep peace, but it didn't stop WWII.

Failures of the Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty that ended WWI made things worse and led to WWII.

Holocaust

Nazis killed six million Jews and others in concentration camps.

Genocide

The killing of a whole group of people because of their ethnicity or religion.

Holodomor (Ukraine)

Stalin caused a famine in Ukraine that killed millions.

Cambodia

The Khmer Rouge killed millions in Cambodia.

Totalitarianism

A government that controls all aspects of life.

Marshall Plan

US plan to help rebuild Europe to stop communism from spreading.

Containment

US policy to stop the spread of communism.

Non-aligned Movement

Countries that didn't choose sides during the Cold War.