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Positive Contrast Medium (Radiopaque)
has higher atomic weight than surrounding tissue, absorbs more photons, produces lower radiographic density than surrounding tissue
Negative Contrast Medium (Radiolucent)
has lower atomic weight than surrounding tissue, absorbs less photons, produces higher radiographic density than surrounding tissue
Gadolinium
chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64, non-toxic paramagnetic contrast enhancement agent Gadolinium exhibits this due to 7 unpaired electrons
Iodine
chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53, non-metallic, used to enhance images using X-ray