Chemical Bonding and Electronegativity

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to chemical bonding, specifically focusing on electronegativity, types of bonds, and atomic structure principles.

Polar Covalent Bond

A bond formed between two atoms where the electronegativity difference is between 0.5 and 1.7.

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Non-Polar Covalent Bond

A bond where the electronegativity difference is less than 0.5.

Ionic Bonding

The bonding that results from the electrostatic attraction between charged ions.

Octet Rule

Principle stating that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.

Lewis Dot Structure

A representation of the valence electrons in an atom, depicted as dots around the chemical symbol.

Cation

A positively charged ion, formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Nuclear Charge

The total charge of the nucleus, determined by the number of protons.

Shielding Effect

The phenomenon where inner electrons reduce the effective nuclear charge felt by outer electrons.