(ASVAB) General Science

Which is the cloud type that's at the lowest altitude?

Stratus

Which is the cloud type that's at the highest altitude?

Cirrus

Which is the cloud type that's at mid level?

A-

On a Celsius thermometer, how many degrees are there between the boiling point of water and the freezing point of water?

100 degrees

An Anemometer measures what?

Wind speed

The energy of an object resulting solely from motion is:

Kinetic energy

Which is an example of a mineral?

Sodium chloride

One of the primary characteristics of a bacteria is its:

Lack of a nuclear membrane

If one tectonic plate slides under another, the process is known as:

Subduction

Two separate weather fronts will have air that is of different:

Density

How long does it take the earth to rotate 90 degrees?

6 hours

The process of water molecules escaping the Earth's surface and entering the atmosphere is known as:

Evaporation

The majority of Earth's air is composed of:

Nitrogen

About how long does it take the Earth to complete an orbit of the sun?

1 year

The formal binomial nomenclature (or scientific name) of a living organism consists of which two parts?

Genus and Species

What is NOT a fruit?

Carrots

Force can be represented by a vector. A vector represents:

Direction and Magnitude

The product of force and distance is:

Work
(Force x Distance = Work)

Animals that feed exclusively on plants are called:

Primary consumers

Organisms which help one another survive by providing a mutual benefit to each other are known as:

Symbionts

The cell membrane is a structure composed primarily of:

Lipid

Which planet has the longest revolutionary period around the sun?

Neptune

Which is a positively charged subatomic particle?

Proton

Watts are a unit of measurement for:

Power

Ascorbic acid is also known as:

Vitamin C

Which is equal to the atomic number of a chemical element?

Number of protons

How many grams are in one Kilogram?

1,000

What is NOT a decomposer

Vultures

Bile is produced by the:

Liver

What kind of rock is formed when existing rock types are changed by heat and pressure?

Metamorphic

These subatomic particles have a positive electric charge.

Protons

What layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth?

Troposphere

The law of conservation of energy can be related as which of the following?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed

Sound waves will travel the fastest in a medium that is:

The most dense

Blood that flows back from the body will enter the heart through the:

Right Atrium

What is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

Oxygen

Plants are autotrophs, meaning that they:

Are able to produce their own food

The tilt of the Earths rotational axis toward or away from the sun causes:

Seasons

the Big Bang theory is a model used to explain the:

Origin of the universe

A sudden intense brightening from a small area of the Sun's surface is called a:

Solar flare

Two objects on Earth are dropped from the top of a building that is 70 meters high.
Object A has a mass of 12 g
and Object B has a mass of 6 kg.
Assuming there is no air resistance, which object will hit the ground first?

Both objects will hit the ground at the same time.

(Without air resistance, the only force acting on the two objects is the Earth's gravitational field. The acceleration of both object A and B is independent of mass, and every second, both velocities will increase by 9.8 m/s² . Given that both objects are dropped from the same height, and they both travel at the same rate, they will both hit the ground at the same time.)

What is NOT a blood type?
a. A
b. B
c. X
d. O
e. AB

X

(Four blood types are A, B, AB, and O.)

What's the universal recipient blood type?

Type AB

What's the universal donor blood type?

Type O

Which of the following is a characteristic of the autonomic nervous system?

It regulates involuntary activity in the heart, stomach, lungs, and intestines.

Which of Newton's laws states that:
An object at rest will stay at rest unless an external force acts upon it.
An object in motion won't change its velocity unless an external force acts upon it.

Newton's First Law of Motion

What is Newton's Second Law?

Force = Mass x acceleration

(The more mass an object has, them more force needed to move the object.)

Example: Pushing a car in park.

What is Newton's Third Law?

When two objects interact, they both apply the same amount of force.

Example: The action force is applied on the boat, and the reaction force pushes you to land. Parallelly, the action force pushes the boat backward.

What is Newton's First Law?

An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

Example: A car parked at rest on a hill.

The International System (SI) unit of force is what?

Newton

Mitosis is the process by which:

Somatic cells replicate

A Celsius temperature of 100 degrees is equivalent to a Fahrenheit temperature of:

212 degrees

(Celsius temperature of 100 degrees = 212 degree Fahrenheit)

A pot Sitting on a hot burner is an example of:

Conduction

(Conduction is where heat is directly transmitted from a hot object to a cooler object)

In a field of genetics, an organism's appearance is referred to as it's:

Phenotype

A solution contains 0.1 molar hydrogen ions (H +). This means the solution is likely:

Around pH 1.0

Which of the following is NOT one of the 6 basic animal groups?

Humans

(The six basic animal groups are birds, mammals, invertebrates, fishes, reptiles, and amphibians.)

A nerve impulse is transmitted through your nervous system primarily by:

An electric potential

( Nerve impulses are transmitted in the nervous system primarily through the means of electric potentials, which are generated by a change in the balance of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions in the nerve cell.)

Which type of rock would likely be found at the bottom of a river bed?

Sedimentary

(Sedimentary rock is formed from "sediment", which is a mixture of sand, shells, and other small pieces of material commonly located at the bottom of a river or lake.)

Which of the following planets have a perfectly circular orbit?

None

(None of the planets have perfectly circular orbits)

The earths surface is covered by approximately what percent water?

70%

(The earths surface is primarily covered by water, with 71% of the earths surface being oceans, lakes, or rivers.)

Approximately how many bones exist in the human body?

200

(There are 206 human bones in the body. We actually are born with more bones, about 260-270. However, Manny of these smaller bones fuse into one another by age 1, resulting in 206 "official" bones.)

All magnets have two poles which can be used to predict the direction of their magnetic waves. These two poles are the:

South and North.

(Magnets have a North Pole and a South Pole.)

Carbon dioxide can be consumed and converted into glucose by what type of organism?

Plants

(Plants are capable of photosynthesis, and they use light energy from the sun to consume carbon dioxide and water to form glucose.)

Which time periods is the longest?

Eon

(In the geologic time scale, an eon encompasses 500 million years, whereas an era encompasses 100-150 million years. Periods and ages are much shorter, in the range of 1-10 million years.)

A train travels at 25 mph for 3 hours. How far did the train move?

75 miles

(If a train is moving at 25 mph, then each hour it will travel 25 miles. If it travels for 3 hours, then it must have gone 25 x 3 = 75 miles.)

What planet is closest to the sun?

Mercury

(Order of planets= Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.)
Trick to remember the planets in order:

My : Mercury
Very : Venus
Easy : Earth
Method : Mars
Just : Jupiter
Speeds : Saturn
Up : Uranus
Nothing : Neptune

Most scientist agree the Earth is approximately how old?

4.6 billion years old

(By studying rocks and fossils, scientist estimate the Earth is approximately 4.6 billions years old.)

An animal that eats both plants and meat is called:

An omnivore

(Herbivore only eats plants, Carnivore only eats meat, and piscivore primarily eats fish.)

What number is referred to as "absolute zero"?

0 Kelvin

What is the best conductor of heat?

Metal

What blood cells are responsible for delivering oxygen to the body?

Red blood cells

What is NOT a unit of length?

Cubic centimeter

What is the pH of water?

7

(The pH scale ranges from 0-14, with substances less than 7 classified as acidic and substances greater than 7 classified as basic or alkaline. Water is considered natural and therefore has a pH of 7.

The energy posses by a moving object is called ______ energy.

Kinetic

The flat, colored, ring-shaped membrane of the eye is called:

iris

When a human cell divides in mitosis, the two daughter cells will each have:

46 chromosomes

(The human genome has 23 pairs of chromosomes, meaning that each cell has a total of 46 chromosomes. In mitosis, each daughter cell has full copy of the parents DNA, and will also have 46 chromosomes.)

Water has a heat capacity of 4.2 J/gC. This means that to heat up 100 mL of water 1 degree Celsius, we need:

420 Joules

(Remember water has a mass of 1g per cubic centimeter (mL) and thus we have 100 grams of water.)
(100g x 1C x 4.2J/g x C = 420 Joules required)

Carbon dioxide can be consumed and converted into glucose by what type of organism?

Plants

(Plants are capable of photosynthesis, and they use light energy from the sun to consume carbon dioxide and water to form glucose.)

The tilt of the Earth's rotational axis toward or away from the sun causes _______.

Seasons

(Because of Earth's axial tilt, different areas of Earth point toward or away from the Sun at different times of the year.)

If Jill needed to buy 9 bottles of soda fora party in which 12 people attended, how many bottles of soda will she need to buy for a party in which 8 people are attending?

6

We can set up a proportion to solve:
9 bottles xbottles
---------------- = ---------------
12 people 8people
Cross multiply to solve a proportion:
(9)(8)=(12)(x)
72= 12x
6=x

Terri has a jar of orange, blue, green, and red chocolate candies. In the jar are 75 orange candies, 62 blue candies, and 52 green candies. If there is a total of 252 candies in the jar, what is the probability that Terri will pick a red candy?

1/4

To solve this problem, first find the number of red candies in the jar by adding the numbers of all the other candies together, then subtracting from the total.
75 orange + 62 blue + 52 green = 189 candies.
252 - 189 = 63 red candies.
Probability is the chance that a certain event will happen. Since there are 63 red candies out of a Toal of 252 candies, divide 63 by 252. Reduce the fraction by diving the numerator and denominator by 63.
63/252 = 1/4.

Which of these statements is false about the periodic table?

(a) The rows of elements are called periods.

(b) The far left column contains a group called the noble gases.

(c) The columns of elements are called a group.

(d) Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

(b) The far left column contains a group called the noble gases.