CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1102) Vocabulary Review

Flashcards covering key topics from the CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1102) Study Guide, focusing on operating systems, security, troubleshooting, and operational procedures.

Clean Install

Formats the disk and installs the operating system from scratch.

Upgrade (OS)

Keeps user files and applications while installing a newer operating system version.

Unattended Install

Uses a pre-configured answer file to automate the installation process.

Image Deployment

Used in enterprise settings for rapid operating system rollout.

MBR (Master Boot Record)

Supports up to 2TB drives and 4 primary partitions.

GPT (GUID Partition Table)

Supports disks over 2TB and 128 partitions on Windows.

FAT32

Legacy file system with a 4GB file size limit.

exFAT

File system with no file size limit, ideal for flash drives.

NTFS

File system used by Windows, supporting permissions, encryption, and journaling.

sfc /scannow

Command to fix system files.

chkdsk

Command to check and repair drive errors.

diskpart

Advanced partitioning tool.

robocopy

High-performance file copy tool with retry options.

Windows Firewall

Filters incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

Allows remote access to a computer for support and remote work.

User Account Control (UAC)

Prevents unauthorized changes to the system.

Task Manager

Manages applications and processes.

Disk Management

Resizes, formats, and configures partitions.

Spotlight (macOS)

Search tool in macOS.

Keychain (macOS)

Password manager in macOS.

Force Quit (macOS)

Tool to terminate unresponsive applications in macOS.

Terminal (macOS/Linux)

Command-line interface.

ls (Linux)

Command to list files and directories.

cd (Linux)

Command to change the current directory.

chmod (Linux)

Command to change file permissions.

sudo (Linux)

Command to gain administrative access.

apt (Linux)

Package manager for Debian-based systems.

yum (Linux)

Package manager for RedHat-based systems.

Virus

Type of malware that requires user action to spread.

Worm

Type of malware that spreads on its own.

Trojan

Type of malware that appears legitimate but is malicious.

Ransomware

Type of malware that encrypts files for ransom.

Rootkit

Type of malware that hides malicious processes.

Phishing

Generic email scams to deceive users.

Spear Phishing

Targeted email attacks to deceive users.

Shoulder Surfing

Watching someone type to steal information.

Tailgating

Gaining physical access by following someone without authorization.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Combines something you know, have, and are for authentication.

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

Encrypts internet traffic, especially for remote workers.

Proxy Server

Mediator between internal users and the internet.

Safe Mode

Boots with minimal drivers for troubleshooting.

Event Viewer

Diagnose logs and errors.

System Restore

Roll back system files to a previous state.

WinRE (Windows Recovery Environment)

Access startup repair and command line tools.

Full Backup

Backup of all data.

Incremental Backup

Backup of changes since the last backup.

Differential Backup

Backup of changes since the last full backup.

ESD Protection

Anti-static wrist straps, mats, grounded equipment.