ELEC 08 - ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 2: MICROELECTRONICS

It is defined as the area of technology associated with and applied to the realization of electronic systems made of extremely small electronic parts or elements

Microelectronics

The first computer or the counting frame is _______.

Abacus

The first mechanical computer is ____.

Pascaline - Blaise Pascal (1642)

The first digital computer is ______.

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) - 1946

It should be Atanasoff- Berry Computer (ABC) but it is not progammable and not Turing - Complete (cannot solve any kind of problem)

Eras of Electronics

VcTIMA

Vacuum Tubes

Transistors

Integrated Circuits

Microprocessors

Artificial Intelligence

ENIAC specifications:

Size: 1,800 sq.ft.

Storage: 20 words (80 bytes)

Clock Speed: 7,000 problems/sec

Components:

18,000 vacuum tubes

70,000 resistors

10,000 capacitors

6,000 switches

The first transistor created is ____.

Point Contact Transistor (PCT)

Created by Walter Brattain, John Bardeen and William Shockley (Supervisor) in Bell Labs.

An elementary electronic device constructed as a single unit.

Discrete Electronic Circuit

Before integrated circuits, all transistor, resistors, capacitors, and diodes were dicrete.

Father of Integrated Circuit

Jack Kilby

He produces a microcircuit made from germanium

It is a miniaturized electronics circuit that has been manufactured in the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material

Integrated Circuit

It consists of elements inseparably associated and formed on or within a single substrate.

Microchip/ Chip/ Silicon Chip/ Microcircuit

Advantages of Integrated Circuit:

Cost, High Speed, Reliability, Compactness, Ease of Maintenance, Low Power and Modular Construction

Limitations of Integrated Circuit:

Mega Power is impossible and Inductors are impractical

Fortunately, resistance-capacitance (RC) circuits are capable of doing most things that inductance-capacitance (LC) circuits can do.

Less than 12 gates per chip

Small Scale Integration

between 12-200 gates per chip

Medium Scale Integration

More than 100 gates per chip

Large Scale Integration

excess of 100,000 gates per chip

Very Large Scale Integration

more than 1 million gates per chip

Ultra Large Scale Integration

It states that “The number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two years though the cost of computer is halved.”

Moore’s Law (Gordon Moore)