BE 6 - World History - Vocab

Wilhelm II

Germany’s empower in 1890

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

heir to the Austrian-Hungarian throne

Gavrilo Princip

Assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand; A Bosnian Serb nationalist

Central Powers

German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Bulgaria

Allies

Italy, Britain, France, Russia

Annexed

to incorporate territory into an existing state

Mobilize

to assemble and prepare for war

Total War

A war that requires assembling and preparing all national resources and engaging civilians as well as the military

Stalemate

a situation in which neither side can defeat the other

Trench Warfare

a type of warfare in which soldiers fight rom the long ditches that are fortified by barbed wire

Artillery

large field guns that fire high explosive shells

Benito Mussolini

An Haitian politician and journalist who was the dictator of Italy during the Fascist Period

Armistice

an agreement between opposing sides to end hostilities

Great Depression

a time of intense financial hardship that lasted throughout the 1930’s

Speculation

The taking of huge risks to gain great rewards

Fascism

a way of governing based on extreme nationalism, racism, and suppression of opposition

Totalitarian

relating to a political system that exerts total control over a society often through violent means

Blackshirts

a member of a militant group that attacked Mussolini’s opponents

Allied Powers

Britain, France, U.S., China

Axis Powers

Germany, Italy, Japan

Atlantic Charter

a joint declaration by FDR and Winston Churchill outlining the shared goals for the post WWII world

Dwight D. Eisenhower

An American general, an Allied military commander and 34th president of U.S.

Harry S. Truman

33rd president of the U.S.; Assumed presidency upon death of FDR

Blitzkrieg

a German battle tactic that used speed, surprise, and the combined firepower of tanks, bombers ground forces

D-Day

a term used to refer to the Allied invasion of Normany, France during WWII

Island Hopping

A strategy designed by the Allies in WWII to capture and control islands in the Pacific one by one

Kamikaze

a Japanese suicide bomber pilot during WWI

Atomic Bomb

a type of nuclear bomb whose violent explosion is triggered by splitting atoms and releases intense heat and radioactivity

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

32nd president of U.S. serving from 1933 - 1945

Deportations

he removal of a person from a nation

Crematoria

ovens, especially those used by the Nazis in WWII to burn the bodies of those they murdered

Adolf Hitler

German politician who took control over Germany and led the Nazi party

Kristallnacht

the destruction o Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues by the Nazis on the night of Nov. 9th 1938