Macromolecules Quiz - Biology

Organic

Compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Inorganic

Compound that does not have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Macromolecules

Large molecules

Monomer

One unit of micromolecules

Polymer

Many units of micromolecules

Dehydration synthesis reaction

Removal of H2O

Hydrolysis reactions

Addition of H2O

Carbohydrate

Role is to supply energy to all cells in the body

Carbohydrate Atom

CHO

Carbohydrate Monomer

Monosaccharide

Carbohydrate Polymer

Polysaccharide

Carbohydrate Polarity

Polar

Examples of Carbohydrate

Starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin, glucose, and ribose

Lipids

Fats, waxes, sterols, and fat-soluble vitamins; lipids are hydrophobic

Lipids Function

Long term storage of energy. Major components of cell membrane, regulates body temp, protects organs.

Lipids Atom

CHO

Lipids Monomer

Fatty Acids

Lipids Polymer

Triglycerides

Lipids Polarity

Non-Polar

Lipids Examples

Phospholipids, Saturated Fat, Unsaturated Fat, Cholesterol, and Steroid.

Proteins

Makes up 50% of the cell, important in metabolism

Proteins Atom

CHONS

Proteins Monomer

Amino Acids

Proteins Polymer

Polypeptide

Proteins Polarity

Polar and Non-polar

Protein Examples

Enzyme, Insulin, Glucagon, Hemoglobin, Keratin, Myosin, and Antibody

Nucleic Acids

Makes up genetic material of organisms, use to make proteins

Nucleic Acids Atom

CHONP

Nucleic Acids Monomer

Nucleic Acid

Nucleic Acids Polymer

DNA

Nucleic Acids Location in the Cell

Nucleus

Nucleic Acid Examples

DNA, RNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, ATP.

Carbohydrates provide _______ energy for exercise.

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