NFOs: Battery
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common law
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Applying unlawful force intentionally or recklessly
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9 Terms
1
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Defined in
common law
2
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Defined as
Applying unlawful force intentionally or recklessly
3
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R v Thomas
Force can be the slightest touch
4
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Wilson v Pringle
Force must applied with hostility. This is inferred from context. Ordinary jostling is not hostile.
5
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DPP v K
Force can be applied indirectly
6
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MPC v Fagan
Force can be applied "continuously"
7
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DPP v Santana-Bermudez
A battery can be committed through an omission
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R v Mohan
Intent means aiming to cause the consequence
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R v Cunningham
Recklessness is where D realises a risk but carries on regardless
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