Nutrition Final Exam

how many amino acids are nonessential

11

how many pairs of monosaccharides equal a disaccharide

2

riboflavin is sensitive to what

UV light

what are the 5 basic tastes

salty, sour, umami, bitter, sweet

what 2 food groups have the most food that have potassium

fruits and vegetables

DRI recommendations: how many calories come from fat in a day

20-25%

carbohydrate digestion starts where

the mouth (because of amylase)

olive oil is a saturated or unsaturated fat

unsaturated fat

what 4 elements of atoms make up a protein

carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen

what mineral helps prevent osteoporosis

calcium

energy balance means: energy in…

energy out

what vitamin deficiency results in scurvy

vitamin C

where in the body does HCl acid work to uncoil protein

stomach

in 2020, the food label added which vitamin because a lot of people were deficient

vitamin D

what is the primary fuel for the brain

glucose/carbs

DRI says the percentage calories should be how many carbs in a day

45-65%

name the primary food group that calcium is in

dairy

what are the 4 primary fat soluble vitamins

A, D, E, K

which mineral if we inject into your vein will stop your heart

potassium

glycogen is the storage form of energy in what

animals

the most abundant mineral in your body

calcium

how many amino acids are essential

9

name the 3 purposes of fat in the body

skin insulation, shock absorption, protects cell membrane

which vitamin is found almost exclusively in animals

B12

which vitamin is important when you are pregnant

folate (found in dark, leafy green vegetables)

bile is produced where and stored where

produced in liver, stored in gallbladder

the amount of energy needed to digest, absorb transport, metabolize, and store energy is..

the thermal effect of food

what is the process when protein uncoils or loses its shape

denaturation

one pound of fat is how many calories

3500

which fatty acids are solid at room temperature

saturated is solid, unsaturated is liquid

what does BMI stand for

body mass index

low carb diets during pregnancy can deprived the fetal brain of what

glucose

which agency is confident that low levels of arsenic are okay in water

FDA

when traveling, a good precaution phrase is

oil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it

which fish tend to have less mercury levels

younger fish

what is the life expectancy of humans now

79

what percentage of the body is water

60%

which vitamin when taken too much can cause fetal malformations

vitamin A

thirst response response does what when you are dehydrated

it lags behind

which type of diabetes are we seeing develop in younger populations

type 2

does IUP have a food bank

yes

3 possible causes of alzheimer’s

genetic factors, oxidative stress, free radicals

healthy weight gain during pregnancy

25-35

vitamins that are antioxidants

selenium and vitamin C

if a woman is overweight/obese prior to getting they have a higher chance of getting…

gestational diabetes

during lactation, women will burn almost how many more calories

500

certain foods when consumed can alter the taste of breast milk

spicy foods or alcohol

RDA means

recommended dietary allowance

FDA means

food and drug administration

what toxin is in sea water that can affect fish and how much you should eat

mercury

chronic diseases that diet plays a role in

cancer, diabetes, heart disease

DRI means

dietary reference intake

keeping raw eggs, milk, etc separate does what

prevents cross-contamination

which agency promotes breast feeding

WIC

what can be found in old paint that can harm children (usually on old playground equipment)

lead

what is considered difficulty swallowing

dysphagia

what is recommended for pregnancy

exercise

what is the order of food processing

farm, processing, transportation, retail, table

what is supplemented in city water

flouride

what are the molecules/atom in H2O

hydrogen and oxygen