horomones you need

Cortisol (glucocorticoid)

Stimulated:(neural), released in bursts throughout day normally, enhanced by stress,,

CRH(hypothalamus) leads to ATCH release of the anterior pituitary

Site of release: adrenal cortex, zona fasculiata

Effect: increase blood pressure, metabolic- gluconeogenesis-form new glucose from non carb sources

Tropic?: No

Chemical structure: steroid (glucocorticoid)

GH

Stimulated by: GHRH, exercise, low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) (humoral)

Site of release: anterior pituitary

Effect: direct- carb/fat metabolisms, indirect skeletal cartilage/skeletal growth + (extra skeletal ) cell proliferation/ muscle growth

Tropic?: no

Chemical structure: amino acid - water soluble

inhibited: GHIH released from the hypothalamus as GH and IGF blood lvls rise

T3/T4

Stimulated by: TRH(hypothalamus)>TSH(anterior pituitary) >thyroid gland (hormonal)

Site of release: thyroid gland

Effect: increased BMR increased heat production

Tropic?: No

Chemical structure: amino acid but lipid soulble

PTH

Stimulated by: ( low blood calcium, humeral)

Site of release: parathyroid

Effect: increase blood calcium lvls by

1. Calcium release from bone

2. Increase calcium reabsorption from kidneys

3. Increasing Vitamin D activation to be able to absorb more calcium from the kidneys

Tropic?: no

Chemical structure: AA water soluble

what is the negative feed back loop- when Ca++ lvls rise, PTH decrease

FSH

stimulated by: GnRH

site of release: anterior pituitary

effects: production of sperm/eggs

tropic: yes

Chemical structure: AA, water soluble

LH

stimulus: GnRH hormonal

site of release-anterior pituitary

effects- production of gonadal hormones, ovulation/sperm prod

chemical structure: amino acid— water soluble

tropic: yes

aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)

stimulus: influx of K+, low BP/BV (humeral)

site of release: adrenal cortex, zona glomerosa

tropic: no

chemical: steroid— lipid soluble

Effects: inserts NA/K ATPase into tubule cells stimualting Na+ reabsorption whcih increases bp/bv,

K+ secreted into urine for elimination from body

secondary control aldosterone

Stress – stress can elevate levels of CRH and ACTH. High levels of ACTH can cause aldosterone release; a reason your blood pressure is elevated when stressed. Idea is that bp is elevated to increase nutrient and oxygen delivery when needed

2) Atrial natriuretic peptide – we will discuss with bp regulation; ANP is released when bp is elevated and inhibits aldosterone release

PRL

stimulated by decreased PIH release

inhibited by PIH

released by anterthe ior pitutary

not tropic

Effects: milk production

chemical- AA -water soluble

ADH

stimulated: by osmoreceptors when there is more solute less water in conc of the blood (not enough water), osmoreceptors cause hypothalamic neurons to realse ADH from PP (humoral stimulus)

released from-posterior pituitary

target- kidney tubucle cells to absorb more water from forming urine to return to blood

effects- conc increases

chemical- water soluble-AA