Medical Terminology Ch. 12

Auscultation

listening for sounds in the chest and abdomen using a stethoscope

Percussion

tapping on the surface of the body to determine the underlying structure

Pleural Rub

scratchy sound produced by inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces rubbing against each other

Rales

abnormal, fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli

Ronchi

loud, rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi that are obstructed by sputum

Sputum

material expelled from the chest by coughing or by clearing the throat; phlegm

Stridor

strained, high pitch sound heard on inspiration cased by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx

Wheezes

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing

Anthracosis

abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; black lung disease

anthrac (root) - coal

osis (suffix) - condition, usually abnormal

Asthma

chronic inflammatory disorder, with airway obstruction due to bronchiolar edema, constriction, and increased mucous production

Atelectasis

collapsed lunge

atel (root) - incomplete

ectasis (suffix) - dilation; dilatation; widening

Bronchoalveolar Lavage

irrigation or washing of a bronchus by injecting fluid through a bronchoscope and then removing it to analyze the contents

bronch (root) - bronchial tube

o (CV)

alveol (root) - alveolus; air sac; small sac

ar (suffix) - pertaining to

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

a type of lung cancer that originates in the bronchi or bronchioles

Bronch (root) - bronchial tube

o (CV)

genic (suffix) - produced by or in

carcin (root) - cancerous

oma (suffix) - tumor; mass; fluid collection

Emphysema

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

em (prefix) - in

phys (root) - growing

ema (suffix) - condition

Epistaxis

Nosebleed

Laryngoscopy

endoscopic visual examination of the larynx

laryng (root) - larynx (voice box)

o (CV)

scopy (suffix) - visual examination

Mesothelioma

rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura and associated with asbestos exposure

mesothelium (root) - tissue that forms a protective layer around many internal organs, including the lungs, abdomen, and heart

oma (suffix) - tumor; mass; fluid collection

Paroxysmal

pertaining to sudden occurrence

Pertussis

whooping cough; bacterial infection of the throat, larynx, and trachea

Pleural Effusion

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

Pulmonary Edema

collection of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles of the lung

Purulent

puss-filled; forming or containing pus

Thoracentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest

Tracheostomy

new opening of the trachea to the outside of the body

trache (root) - trachea (windpipe)

o (CV)

stomy (suffix) - new opening (to form a mouth)

Tuberculosis

infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Lungs are usually involved, but other organs may be affected

Apex

Apex of the lung; uppermost portion of the lung

Mediastinum

centrally located space outside of and between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

Laryngectomy

removal of the larynx or voice box

laryng (root) - larynx (voice box)

ectomy (suffix) - removal; excision; resection

Hypoxemia

low levels of oxygen in the blood

hypo (prefix) - deficient; below; under; less than normal

ox (root) - oxygen

emia (suffix) - blood condition

Pneumoconiosis

abnormal lung condition caused by exposure to certain dusts; with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

Pneum (root) - lung; air; gas

o (CV)

coni (root) - dust

osis (suffix) - condition, usually abnormal

Orthopnea

abnormal condition in which breathing is only comfortable when a patient is in an upright position

orth (root) - straight

o (CV)

pnea (suffix) - breathing

Pyothorax

pus collection in the pleural cavity; empyema

py (root) - pus

o (CV)

thorax (suffix) - chest,; pleural cavity