Organic Chemistry RNC

Free Radical Sub of Alkane

Free Radical Sub of Alkane

Halogenation / Free Radical Sub

Elimination of H2O in alcohol

Oxidation

Elimination of HX

Neither

Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction

Hydrohalogenation / Addition of Hydrogen Halides

E.A.

Addition of Halogens

E.A.

Addition of Halogen in H2O

E.A.

Hydration

E.A.

(industrially: steam, h3po4 catalyst, high T and P)

Without Cleavage

Mild Oxidation

Cleavage (Acidic)

Oxidation

Cleavage (Alkaline)

Oxidation

Nitration

E.S. (30C for methylbenzene)

Halogenation

E.S. (same for methylbenzene)

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation

E.S.

Friedel-Crafts Acylation

E.S.

Hydrogenation of Benzene

Reduction

Side-Chain Oxidation

Oxidation

Formation of Alcohol

N.S.

Formation of Nitriles

N.S.

Hydrolysis of Nitriles

N.S.

Reduction of Nitriles

Reduction

Formation of Amines

N.S.

Elimination of Halogenoalkanes

Elimination

Halogenoarenes

E.S.

RX Distinguishing Tests

Aldehyde to Alcohol

Reduction

Ketone to Alcohol

Reduction

Carboxylic Acid to Alcohol

Reduction

Combustion of Alcohol

Elimination

N.S.

Primary Alcohol to Aldehyde

Oxidation

Primary Alcohol to Carboxylic Acid

Oxidation

Secondary Alcohol to Ketone

Oxidation

Iodoform Reaction

1641155

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

N.S.

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

N.S.

Identification Tests for Aliphatic Alcohols

Identification Tests for Phenols

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid

Oxidation

Aldehyde / Ketone to Primary / Secondary Alcohol

Reduction

Reaction with Hydrogen Cyanide

N.A.

2,4-DNPH

Tollens’ Reagent

Oxidation

Oxidation

125113

Iodoform for Carbonyl

Oxidation

1341133

Aldehyde / Primary Alcohols to Carboxylic Acid

Oxidation

Side Chain Oxidation of alkylbenzene

Oxidation

Acidic Hydrolysis of Nitriles

Hydrolysis

Alkaline Hydrolysis of Nitriles

Hydrolysis

Oxidation of Methanoic Acid and Ethanoic Acid

Condensation

Carboxylic Acid to Alcohol

Reduction

Distinguishing Test for Carboxylic Acid

CO2 gas test

Substitution of Halogenoalkane

Nucleophilic Substitution

Nitriles to Amines

Reduction

Amides to Amines

Reduction

Nitrobenzene to Aromatic Amines

Reduction

Salt Formation

Acid-Base / Neutralisation

Amine and Acyl Chloride

NS / Condensation

Phenylamine and X2

ES

Hydrolysis of Amides

Acid / Alkaline Hydrolysis

Amide to Amine

Reduction

Hydrolysis of Peptide Bond

Acidic / Alkaline Hydrolysis

Mild Oxidation