Orgo Functional Groups/pKa values

Alkanes

pKa of 50, Aliphatic hydrocarbons made up of only carbon and hydrogen single bonds.

Alkenes

pKa of 42, Aliphatic hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond

Alkynes

pKa of 24, Aliphatic hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon triple bond

Benzene

Aromatic hydrocarbon with a ring structure (contains 6 carbons) and alternating double bonds.

Ethers

Heteroatomic compounds (contains things other than C&H) containing an oxygen atom bonded to two R groups (CH containing), can be symmetrical or unsymmetrical.

Alcohols

pKa of 16, Heteroatomic compounds that contain oxygens bonded to hydrogens and another R group. Contains “OH”.

Aldehyde

Carbonyl (carbon-oxygen double bond) compound containing a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to a hydrogen and R group.

Keytone

Carbonyl compound containing a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to two R groups. Can be symmetrical or unsymmetrical.

Carboxylic acids

pKa of 5, Carbonyl compounds containing a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to an OH and R group.

Esters

Carbonyl compound containing a central carbon double bonded to a oxygen and bonded to an R group and another oxygen which is then bonded to an R group

Amides

Carbonyl compound containing a central carbon double bonded to an oxygen and bonded to an R group and nitrogen which is bonded to R groups.

Amines

Base containing a nitrogen with a lone pair where one or more hydrogen atoms can be with R groups. Primary (R-NH2), secondary (R-NH-R), tertiary (R-NR-R).

pKa of HCl

-7

pKa of CH4

50

pKa of ammonia (NH3)

38