Origins of the Cold War - VFL 9

no im not part of the irs why would you think that

United Nations (UN)

An international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development

Satellite Nation

A country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation

Containment

The blocking of another nation’s attempts to spread its influence - especially the efforts of the US blocking the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940s and early 1950s

Iron Curtain

A phrase used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe

Cold War

The state of hostility, without direct military conflict, that developed between the US and the Soviet Union after WW2

Truman Doctrine

A US policy, announced by President Harry S Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents

Marshall Plan

The program, proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after WW2

Berlin Airlift

A 327-day operation in which US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

A defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European countries, the US, & Canada

Mao Zedong

The leader of the communists during the time that Chiang Kai-Shek ruled in China. They helped peasants to gain political control and support.

Taiwan

An island in East Asia off the Southeast coast; also known as Formosa

38th Parallel

38th North Latitude

Korean War

A conflict between North Korea and South Korea, lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the US along with other UN countries, fought on the side of the South Koreans and China fought on the side of the North Koreans

HUAC

A congressional committee that investigated communist influence inside and outside the US government in the years following WW2

Hollywood Ten

Ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC’s investigation of communist influence in Hollywood

Blacklist

A list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films because of their alleged communist connections

Alger Hiss

An American government official accused of spying for the Soviet Union in the 1930s and was convicted of perjury

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

Minor activists in the American Communist Party who were convicted for spying for the Soviet Union

Joseph McCarthy

A republican US senator who claimed that there were Soviet spies and communists within the government, but had no evidence; discredited by the US senate

McCarthyism

The attacks, often unsubstantiated, by Senator Joseph McCarthy and others on people suspected of being communists in the early 1950s

H-Bomb

The hydrogen bomb; a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb

Dwight D. Eisenhower

The president during the Cold War

Brinkmanship

The practice of threatening an enemy with massive military retaliation for any aggression

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

A US agency created to gather secret information about foreign governments

Warsaw Pact

A military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites

Eisenhower Doctrine

A US commitment to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country, announced by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957

Nikita Krushchev

Ruled the USSR from 1958-1964; lessened government control of Soviet citizens; seeked peaceful coexistence with the West instead of confrontation

U-2 Incident

The downing of a US spy plane and capture of its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960